Crystalline surface layer proteins (S-layer proteins) have considerable potential for the crystalline arrays in biotechnology, biomimetics and nonlife applications, including areas such as microelectronics and molecular nanotechnology. The extensive application potential of surface layers in nanobiotechnology is according to the particular inherent attributes of the single molecular arrays cons...

Introduction: Human hematopoietic stem cells (hHSCs) have been used for transplantation in hematologic failures. Because the number of hHSCs per cord blood unit is limited, the expansion of these cells is important for clinical application. It has been reported that cytokines and feeder layer provide a perspective to in vitro expansion of hHSCs. In this regard, cord blood CD34+ cells ex...

the aim of this study is experimental assay of sensitivity and stability of a bimetallic silver/gold spr sensor chip. this chip utilizes the sensitivity of the silver and the stability of the gold. moreover, the silver layer (instead of usual cr or ti layer) was used as an adhesive intermediate layer between the gold layer and the glass substrate. the optimization of the gold/silver thickness u...

today bleach and detergents are being frequently used and some people use their mixture for more cleaning. because of chemical interaction of bleach and detergent, chlorine gas was released and thereby it could be dangerous for human health. this study examined the effects of exposed toxic mixture of bleach and detergent on the mucosa layer and lamina mucosa conjunctiva in the mice. in this stu...

over the past decade, many applications were intended for filtration by membrane technology especially the thin film composite (tfc) membranes. in advanced developments of thin film membranes, an attempt was made to spread a new generation of membranes called thin film nano composite (tfn) membranes. however, in the last generation of tfns, an ultrathin selective film of nanoparticles is coated...

purpose : to determine the nerve fiber layer and macular thickness by optical coherence tomography (oct) in emmetropic, high-myopic and high-hyperopic eyes methods : one hundred five eyes of 55 randomly selected healthy subjects between 20 and 30 years old were included in this study. the eyes were categorized in three groups (high-myopic, emmetropic and high-hyperopic) according to their cyclo...

cystic hydatid disease is caused by cystic larval (metacestode) stages of echinococcus granulosus. this parasite can potentially occur all over the world especially in mediterranean and middle east countries and some parts of africa, latin america and china which have major foci of human infections. the cyst wall of metacestodes consists of inner, middle and external layers. to date, little att...

introduction: the success of endodontic treatment depends on the method and quality of cleaning, disinfection and three-dimensional sealing of the root canal. the smear layer can play an important role in the success or failure of endodontic treatment. there is controversy over the presence or removal of the smear layer in relation to the success or failure of endodontic treatment. this study u...

introduction: the aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of an experimental irrigation solution, containing two different concentrations of papain, tween 80, 2% chlorhexidine and edta, on removal of the smear layer. methods and materials: thirty-six single-rooted teeth were divided into two experimental groups ( n =12) and two positive and negative control groups of six. the cana...

introduction: smear layer (sl) is produced as a result of mechanical instrumentation of the canal(s). despite the controversies regarding its removal, the evidence-based trend has shifted towards removing and eliminating the sl. different methods have been used to remove the sl and the aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the ability of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (edta), 18% etid...