Magnetic resonance images of the vocal tract during the sustained phonation of /l/ (both dark and light allophones) by four native American English talkers are employed for measuring lengths, area functions, and cavity volumes and for the analysis of 3-D vocal tract and tongue shapes. Electropalatography contact profiles are used for studying inter- and intra-talker variabilities and as a sourc...

This research investigated contrastive perception of L1 phonological categories in Albanian–English bilinguals who returned to Albania after living abroad for over on average a decade. In Standard Albanian, there are phonemic contrasts between /c/ and /tʃ/, /ɫ/ /l/, /ɹ/ /r/. These do not occur English. Using “real speech” binary minimal pair identification task, we compared the accuracy respons...

Microcystin-LR (MCY-LR) is a heptapeptide toxin produced mainly by freshwater cyanobacteria. It strongly inhibits protein phosphatases PP2A and PP1. Functioning of the PIN family auxin efflux carriers crucial for plant ontogenesis their functions depend on reversible phosphorylation. We aimed to reveal adverse effects MCY-LR distribution in Arabidopsis roots its consequences root development. R...

The acoustic signal cues the sounds of spoken language in many ways. Thus, voicing in stop consonants is signalled chiefly by a combination of Voice Onset Time and Fundamental Frequency at voicing onset (Llanos et al., 2013, among others), whereas human listeners distinguish vowels by their duration as well as by the spectral values of their steady-state part (e.g., Ylinen et al., 2009). The we...

In the Brazilian semi-arid, sustainable growth rates and higher standards of living in society may be attained by use irrigation aiming at obtaining best economical function without disregarding several factors, such as labor, soil, water supply. The objective this work is presenting an alternative design procedure for low-head bubble systems so to make technology more accessible users. An elec...

patients and methods the study sample included 50 patients with schizophrenia in tuba rehabilitation center in ardabil selected by available sampling method. healthy group participants were selected through cloning by age, gender and marital status of the patient group. the data were collected by the questionnaire of holmes-rahe scale and cohen et al. data were analyzed by multivariate anova (m...

Root system architecture (RSA) is a target for breeding crops with effective nutrient and water use. Breeding can use populations designed to map quantitative trait loci (QTL). Here we non-invasively phenotype roots leaves of the 16 foundation parents two multi-parent advanced generation inter-cross (MAGIC) populations, covering diversity in spring (CSIRO MAGIC) winter (NIAB wheats. RSA compone...

The center pivot irrigation system is a type of technology used to apply water effectively and uniformly over wide variety areas topographies. These systems’ uniformity application greatly affects use, energy consumption, crop production. Performance tests the standard lateral galvanized modified polyethylene plastic pipes in systems were conducted different regions Saudi Arabia. Water distribu...