The medical septal area (MSA) provides the major cholinergic projection to the hippocampus which is critical for function of the memory. Different brain areas through the MSA modulates septohippocampal functions. This study was designed to determin origins of inputs to this area. For this purpose, stereotaxic injections of one microliter HRP (25 percent, Sigma) by Hamilton syringe to the medica...

Background & Aims: Tracheal intubation with a cuffed tube for the administration of general anesthesia is routine. The cuff of the endotracheal tube is inflated with air to achieve an adequate seal to prevent aspiration and leakage of air and anesthetic gases. Whereas over-inflation can decrease the mucosal perfusion, leading to pressure necrosis and nerve palsies. This study aimed to evaluate ...

          Aim and Background:   Safe airway maintenance in patients under general anesthesia is the most important duty of anaesthesiologists. Classic laryngeal mask airway (CLMA) is a supra-glottic device to achieve this aim. There are different insertion techniques for this device, but the best of them is unknown. Methods a...

In this research, a method for considering the spatial variation of deal layer (DL) thickness at the lateral and top surfaces of HPGe detectors is presented to achieve a more precise simulation model for efficiency calculation especially in marinelli beaker geometries. As a good approximation, the lateral surface of the detector is divided into 12 segments, assuming each segment covers 30 degre...