Autonomous driving in public roads requires precise localization within the range of few centimeters. Even the best current precise localization system based on the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) can not always reach this level of precision, especially in an urban environment, where the signal is disturbed by surrounding buildings and artifacts. Laser range finder and stereo vision h...

The level of service (LOS) on two-lane highways and, therefore, the quality of traffic flow, is currently estimated based on the delay of the vehicles and, in certain types of roads, the average travel speed. Speed is relatively easy to measure. However, it is important, and not so simple, to determine whether a vehicle is delayed. Traditional methods, generally based on quantitative measuremen...

The study has four main objectives: (1) to test the correlation between different infrastructure characteristics and crash-rates, and trends; (2) to develop an Infrastructure Coefficient (IC) that represents the overall infrastructure characteristics of two-lane rural highways; (3) to develop a crash-prediction model for two-lane rural highways in which the IC developed is the independent varia...

In this paper, a new model for traffic on roads with multiple lanes is developed, where the vehicles do not adhere to a lane discipline. Assuming identical vehicles, the dynamics is split along two independent directions—the Y -axis representing the direction of motion and the X-axis representing the lateral or the direction perpendicular to the direction of motion. Different influence graphs a...

Perhaps the greatest development in rural communication technology in the middle of the 19 th century was an eight foot board tied to the back of a horse. The King Road Drag scraped along country roads leveling humps and filling potholes. 1 The flat roads permitted rural postal deliveries, the development of parcel post and eventually a flood of information from catalog companies and publishers...

While common digital road network graphs are able to represent real-world street network topology relations quite adequately, they are highly generalized with regard to the composition of a road. Irrespective of their actual number of lanes, roads are shown as just one single line. As many intelligent transportation systems (ITS) applications require or provide lane-specific data and services, ...

Motorcycles are one of the main transportation modes in some Asian countries because of their advantages, such as better mobility and lower costs, as compared to automobiles. Most of the current designs of roads, such as speed limit and lane markings, are based on automobile traffic and not entirely suitable for motorcycles. Therefore, there is a need to further investigate the traffic characte...

Research into advanced traveler information systems (ATIS) for rural roads is limited. However, highway agencies expect to implement intelligent transportation systems (ITS) in both urban and rural areas. In this paper, genetic algorithms (GAs) are used to design both time delay neural network (TDNN) models as well as locally weighted regression (LWR) models to predict shortterm traffic for two...

Many real world problems require a degree of exibility that is di cult to achieve using hand programmed algorithms. One such domain is vision-based autonomous driving. In this task, the dual challenges of a constantly changing environment coupled with a real time processing constrain make the exibility and e ciency of a machine learning system essential. This chapter describes just such a learn...