Lamivudine (Fig. 1), chemically 2í,3í-dideoxy-3í-thiacytidine, is a pyrimidine analogue, whereas stavudine (Fig. 1), 2í,3í-didehydro-3ídeoxythymidine, is a thymidine analogue. Both are reverse transcriptase inhibitors reported to be active against HIV-1, HIV-2 and hepatitis B virus. (ñ) Enantiomer of lamivudine has less cytotoxic and greater antiviral activity than its (+) enantiomer. It shows ...

Lamivudine is an extensively used drug in combinational therapies for treatment of AIDS and hepatitis B. Due to the presence of S, O acetal and stereogenic centres, the synthesis of lamivudine in good enantiomeric yield is a challenge for synthetic chemists. The main focus of this review article is to highlight systematically those few synthetic strategies which are reported in literature since...

BACKGROUND Treatment options for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection have disparate risks and benefits. Interferon has clinically significant side effects, and lamivudine is associated with viral resistance. In contrast, adefovir is safe and has lower viral resistance but is more expensive. The most cost-effective approach is uncertain. OBJECTIVE To determine whether and under what circ...

BACKGROUND No data on once-daily dosing of nucleoside analogues in African children currently exist. We compared the pharmacokinetics (PK) of once- versus twice-daily lamivudine and abacavir treatment using the World Health Organization recommended weight band dosing of scored adult tablets. METHODS HIV type-1 (HIV-1)-infected Ugandan children aged 3-12 years receiving antiretroviral therapy ...

Lamivudine exhibits potent antiviral activity in chronic hepatitis B. YMDD mutations in west is around 32% (5 years) but reports from East are scarce. To evaluate frequency of lamivudine resistance and compare the results with the West, a total of 100 chronic hepatitis B patients were given Lamivudine 100 mg before breakfast. Out of 81 patients (19 no follow up), (85%) males and (15%) females. ...

We present the 55-year-old woman who has had kidney transplantation three times. She has been treated with immunosuppressive therapy and lamivudine for hepatitis B and C. Nine years after the last transplantation she showed neurological symptoms that presented in the form of confusion and epileptic seizures of the grand mal type. A brain MRI showed large oval zones of hyperintense MR signal in ...

A high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed and validated for the determination of two antiretroviral drugs viz. Zidovudine and Lamivudine in combined pharmaceutical tablets. The different analytical performance parameters such as linearity, precision, accuracy, specicity, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantication (LOQ) were determined. Chromatography was carried o...

Here, we report a case of multidrug resistance in a patient with chronic hepatitis B. The patient sequentially received lamivudine, adefovir dipivoxil and entecavir, and subsequently developed single-, double- and triple-drug-resistant HBV strains. We consider this case report important because it documents, for the first time, that triple-drug-resistant HBV strains identified in a clinical set...

BACKGROUND Entecavir is a potent and selective antiviral agent that has demonstrated efficacy in phase 2 studies in patients with hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-negative chronic hepatitis B. METHODS In this phase 3, double-blind trial, we randomly assigned 648 patients with HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B who had not previously been treated with a nucleoside analogue to receive 0.5 mg of en...