.. Background: Hepatic encephalopathy is one of the fatal complications of liver cirrhosis in clinical setting. A number of drugs with varied response have been tried up till now. Objectives: To compare the efficacy of lactulsoe alone and in combination with rifaxamin in cases with hepatic encephalopathy. Study Design: Randomized control trail. Setting: Sheikh Zayed Hospital (SZH) Rahim Yar Kha...

OBJECTIVE Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a role in cancerogenesis processing and damage tissues. Furthermore, oncological treatment may impair proper function of the gut barrier. The aim of this study was to measure intestinal permeability in children in clinical remission for solid tumours and to search for a possible relationship between free radicals and the intestinal barrier. No such i...

A simple and rapid flow system for the determination of lactulose in milk samples was developed. It is based on the hydrolysis of lactulose to galactose and fructose by the enzyme beta-galactosidase immobilised in a reactor. The amount of fructose produced was measured with an electrochemical biosensor based on the fructose dehydrogenase enzyme, K3[Fe(CN)6] as mediator and a platinum based elec...

Objectives: Cognitive dysfunction in patients with hepatic encephalopathy (HE) may be caused by alterations in cholinergic neurotransmission. The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of transdermal rivastigmine in improving cognitive function in patients with overt HE. Design: Randomized, controlled pilot study in which patients with grade 2 or 3 HE were treated with l...

BACKGROUND Postoperative pain associated with Milligan Morgan haemorrhoidectomy (MMH) remains problematic. Most patients complaint a severe pain on defecation and in the 1st postoperative week because of secondary infection and sphincter spasm. We studied the effect of metronidazole, lactulose and glyceryl-trinitrate on pain after MMH. METHOD Thirty patients were randomly assigned to two grou...

The sucrose permease (CscB) and lactose permease (LacY) of Escherichia coli belong to the oligosaccharide/H(+) symporter subfamily of the major facilitator superfamily, and both catalyze sugar/H(+) symport across the cytoplasmic membrane. Thus far, there is no common substrate for the two permeases; CscB transports sucrose, and LacY is highly specific for galactopyranosides. Determinants for Cs...

BACKGROUND Constipation within childhood is an extremely common problem. Despite the widespread use of osmotic and stimulant laxatives by health professionals to manage constipation in children, there has been a long standing paucity of high quality evidence to support this practice. OBJECTIVES We set out to evaluate the efficacy and safety of osmotic and stimulant laxatives used to treat fun...

Twelve strains of lactobacilli were tested for their growth and ability to utilise six prebiotics (pure substances and commercially available prebiotics) as a sole carbon source. All strains showed a considerable growth on all prebiotics tested. Inulin was the best carbohydrate source for lactobacilli, followed by lactulose and raffinose. A massive increase of viable cells on commercial prebiot...

The breath hydrogen test is used in gastroenterological investigation, particularly for sugar malabsorption, transit time, and the investigation of small-bowel bacterial overgrowth. Several methods of collecting breath from infants and children for hydrogen assay have been described. Four such techniques (postnasal catheter, nasal prong, Rahn-Otis end-tidal sampler, and modification of a party ...