Phosphorus in most diets for breeding sows is digested for 20 to 40%, thus leading to a relatively high amount of P in the manure. To enhance the P digestibility in diets for both lactating and gestating sows, two separate experiments were carried out to study the efficacy of Optiphos TM phytase derived from E. coli and produced by the yeast Pichia pastoris. Thirty crossbred gestating sows and ...

BACKGROUND Folate dose-response studies in women of childbearing age who consumed a folic acid (FA)-containing multivitamin in the era of FA fortification are lacking. OBJECTIVE We sought to investigate folate-status response to a known folate dose comprising an FA-containing prenatal supplement (750 μg/d) plus natural food folate (400 μg/d) in third-trimester pregnant women, lactating women ...

BACKGROUND Concern that long-term weight retention after pregnancy contributes to obesity underscores the need to identify factors that facilitate postpartum weight loss. Lactation is believed to facilitate postpartum weight loss and fat loss. Calcium intake also has been hypothesized to promote weight loss and fat loss. OBJECTIVE We addressed the following questions: 1) whether lactation enh...

Two experiments were designed to determine the effects of duration of lactation and plane of nutrition on the reproductive performance of Finn x Dorset Horn ewes mated at a hormonally induced oestrus 9 weeks after lambing. In Exp. 1, ewes were mated on 4 December or 19 March and lactation was terminated at 35 or 15 days before mating or 7 or 35 days after mating. The fertility of ewes lactating...

Background: Concern that long-term weight retention after pregnancy contributes to obesity underscores the need to identify factors that facilitate postpartum weight loss. Lactation is believed to facilitate postpartum weight loss and fat loss. Calcium intake also has been hypothesized to promote weight loss and fat loss. Objective: We addressed the following questions: 1) whether lactation enh...

OBJECTIVE To describe studies evaluating urinary iodine excretion during pregnancy and lactation in women living in cities with adequate or more than adequate iodine intake. DESIGN Cross-sectional study conducted between 1996 and 1998 in pregnant women and a study of lactating women conducted in 2003. SETTINGS AND SUBJECTS Pregnant women attending prenatal clinics in four cities in the Isla...

Recent studies have shown that the urinary excretion levels of water-soluble vitamins can be used as biomarkers for the nutritional status of these vitamins. To determine changes in the urinary excretion levels of water-soluble vitamins during pregnant and lactating stages, we surveyed and compared levels of nine water-soluble vitamins in control (non-pregnant and non-lactating women), pregnant...

The aims of this study were to describe and compare the pharmacokinetics of a single dose of cephalexin (10 mg/kg) after its intravenous (i.v.) administration to five goats in three different physiological status: nonpregnant nonlactating (NPNL), pregnant (P) and nonpregnant lactating (L). Blood samples were collected at predetermined times, and plasma concentrations of cephalexin were measured...

1. Lactation is associated with an increase in the arterial blood concentration of L-alanine and L-glutamate, but a decrease in that of L-glutamine compared with the corresponding values for virgin rats. 2. Virgin rats fed a 'cafeteria diet' that induces hyperphagia have increased arterial concentrations of L-alanine, L-glutamate and L-glutamine. During lactation L-alanine and L-glutamate conce...