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This study examined the interrelationships of first language (L1) literacy, second language (L2) proficiency, and L2 reading comprehension with 246 Chinese college students learning English. L1 literacy and L2 proficiency were measured with college admission exams in Chinese and English. L2 reading comprehension was measured with the reading comprehension section of a TOEFL and a researcher-dev...

Although second language (L2) writing is a popular topic among SLA researchers, the fact that L2 has potential to act as scaffold for speaking accuracy often overlooked. This study's objective was provide empirical evidence can be used improve of oral discourse. Twenty-three Novice and 21 Intermediate university learners Russian participated in study. They completed text reconstruction task by ...

In this paper, we study the Cauchy problem for Benjamin-Ono-Burgers equation $${\partial _t}u - \epsilon \partial _x^2u + {\cal H}\partial u{u_x} = 0$$ , where $${\cal H}$$ denotes Hilbert transform operator. We obtain that it is uniformly locally well-posed small data in refined Sobolev space $${\tilde H^\sigma }(\mathbb{R})\,\,(\sigma \geqslant 0)$$ which a subspace of L2(ℝ). It worth noting ...

Multiple scales phenomena are ubiquitous, ranging from mechanical properties of wood, turbulent flow in gases and fluids, combustion, remote sensing of earth to wave propagation or heat conduction in composite materials. The obstacle with multi-scale problems is that they, due to limited primary memory even in the largest computational clusters, can not easily be modeled in standard numerical a...

This note introduces some examples of quantum random walks in R and proves the weak convergence of their rescaled n-step densities. One of the examples is called the Plancherel quantum walk because the “quantum coin flip” is the Fourier Integral (or Plancherel) Transform. The other examples are the Birkhoff quantum walks, so named because the coin flips are effected by means of measure preservi...

This paper aims at providing a comprehensive review of previous research on second language (L2) writing. Major issues and the relevant findings from five areas of inquiry into L2 writing are presented, namely, L2 writers’ characteristics, the L2 writing process, L2 writing feedback, L2 writing instruction, and L2 writers’ texts. It is found that L2 writing is quite a complex process which invo...

Based on the controversial beliefs among L2 teachers about effective corrective feedback (CF) strategies, recast and prompts as 2 kinds of CF have drawn the attention of L2 researchers(e.g., Braidi, 2002; Iwashita, 2003; Loewen & Philp, 2006; Panova & Lyster, 2002; Sheen, 2004). Despite these numbers of studies, debate continues to exist about their usefulness as a CF technique. Whereas recasts...

In music similarity and in the related task of genre classification, a distance measure between Gaussian mixture models is frequently needed. We present a comparison of the KullbackLeibler distance, the earth movers distance and the normalized L2 distance for this application. Although the normalized L2 distance was slightly inferior to the Kullback-Leibler distance with respect to classificati...