endoplasmic reticulum has a critical role in the synthesis and folding of secretory and membrane proteins. high accumulation of proteins in er activates the unfolded protein response and glucose regulated protein 78 or gpr78 plays an essential role in this pathway.  unfolded protein response is activated in cancerous cells due to their adverse condition to survive and it has been shown that grp...

this paper presents the case of a 35 year-old woman with symptoms of heart failure from the last month. a physical examination at admission showed paleness, dyspnea, peripheral edema and fatigue. in a two-dimensional echocardiography and transesophageal echocardiography, normal thickness but severe left and right ventricular dysfunction with severe pericardial effusion and thickened pericardium...

histological grading is a good parameter to stratify tumors according to their biological aggressiveness. the elston and ellis grading method in humans, invasive ductal breast carcinomas and other invasive tumors are routinely used. the aims of this study were classification of mammary gland tumors and also application of a human grading method in canine mammary carcinoma. the samples included ...

this is the report of a mandibular neuroectodermal/ewing sarcoma in an 8-year-old male cross breed dogthat is unique because of tumor origin location. pedunculated, ulcerative, firm 6.0 × 4.0 × 5.5 cm tumor masseffaced the bone at the rostral part of the mandible and had a white-sanguineous color at cross sectionappearance. histopathologically, small round blue cell tumor was diagnosed. immunoh...

background primary small round blue cell tumors (srbct) in sinonasal comprise histogenetically diverse entities with overlapping morphologic features. because of the limited initial biopsy tissue materials, differential diagnostic difficulties may arise, and as they have different management, exact diagnosis and classification are very important. conclusions the results of our study indicate th...

background: studies have shown that obese individuals are at increased risk of breast cancer development and poorer prognosis. leptin, an adipose tissue-derived hormone, has pro-inflammatory and proliferative effects and a well-established association with several comorbidities of obesity. this study was designed and conducted to compare the serum levels of leptin in patients with malignant and...

placental site trophoblastic tumor (pstt) is a very rare variant of gestational trophoblastic tumor. it can occur after normal termination of pregnancy or spontaneous abortion and ectopic or molar pregnancy. there is a wide range of clinical manifestations from a benign condition to an aggressive disease with fatal outcome. one of the most important characteristics of pstt, unlike other forms o...

the p53 protein function is essential for the maintenance of the nontumorigenic cell phenotype. pancreatic tumor cells show a very high frequency of p53 mutation. to determine if restoration of wild type p53 function can be used to eliminate the tumorigenic phenotype in these cells, pancreatic tumor cell lines, panc-1 and htb80, differing in p53 status were stably transfected with exogenous wil...

primary and secondary malignant central nervous system (cns) tumors are devastating invasive tumors able to give rise to many kinds of differentiated tumor cells. glioblastoma multiform (gbm), is the most malignant brain tumor, in which its growth and persistence depend on cancer stem cells with enhanced dna damage repair program that also induces recurrence and resists current chemo- and radio...

background:chemotherapy-induced neutropenia as a major toxicity of systemic chemotherapy is commonly associated with substantial mortality and morbidity, and thus identifying its determinants is necessary. this study was undertaken to identify main risk factors of severe neutropenia following adjuvant chemotherapy treatment in a community-based population of patients with cancer in semnan, iran...