Introduction In normal hearts, Krebs cycle flux is maintained by continuous citrate synthase-mediated condensation of acetyl-CoA with oxaloacetate. In turn, acetylCoA is produced from the oxidation of fatty acids, ketone bodies or glucose, via glycolysis and the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH). Hyperpolarised [2C]pyruvate has been used in the isolated heart to observe the relationship betwe...

PURPOSE The energy-yielding mitochondrial Krebs cycle has been shown in many cancers and other diseases to be inhibited or mutated. In most cells, the Krebs cycle with oxidative phosphorylation generates approximately 90% of the adenosine triphosphate in the cell. We designed and hyperpolarized carbon-13 labeled succinate (SUC) and its derivative diethyl succinate (DES) to interrogate the Krebs...

Objective(s) This study aimed to examine whether acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) was able to reduce cardiac arrhythmias and infarct size in the ischemic-reperfused isolated rat heart. Materials and Methods The isolated hearts were mounted on a Langendorff apparatus then perfused by a modified Krebs-Henseleit solution during 30 min regional ischemia and 120 min reperfusion (control) or by enriched K...

INTRODUCTION The quality and effectiveness of myocardial protection are fundamental problems to expand the use of and consequently good outcomes of donated hearts for transplantation. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this investigation was to compare the cardioprotective effects of Krebs-Henseleit, Bretschneider-HTK, St Thomas, and Celsior solutions using a modified nonrecirculating Langendorff colum...

NAGASAWA, J. and Suzuxi, T. Ca Flux and Action Potential in Smooth Muscle of Guinea-pig Taenia Coli. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1970, 102(1), 1-12. •\ Ca uptake and efflux in the smooth muscle cell of guinea-pig taenia coli were estimated in the normal Krebs solution and in Krebs solution containing MnCl2. MnCl2 had no significant effect on the efflux of 45Ca in the concentration range between 1.0mM ...

The formal study of foraging behavior began in the mid 1960s, using an approach that later became known as optimal foraging theory (Emlen, 1966; MacArthur and Pianka, 1966). Practitioners would use modeling to identify an optimal strategy for an animal facing a given number of foraging options, and then compare this to the strategy actually chosen by the animal (Maynard Smith, 1978; Orzack and ...

Effects of cytochalasins B and D (CB, CD) were examined for the contractions of the longitudinal myometrium of pregnant rat exposed to Krebs solution, 40 mM K Krebs, and Ca-free (40 mM K) solution containing 5 mM Mg. The Ca-free contraction was evoked by applying 3 mM ATP. Application of CB caused a prompt inhibition of the contractions: 3 microM CB depressed the twitch contraction generated in...