runoff estimation resulted from precipitation is the basis of more study in various develop and exploit design from water resource, then its measure and calculation due to environmental bottlenecks, always have a plenty problem. as a result of the importance of output runoff estimation and flood volume in watershed for the sake of country integrated watershed management in this study tried to 9...

The effectiveness of four road turn–out ditch treatments (vegetation, rip–rap, sediment fences, and settling basins) in reducing sediment export to the forest floor was evaluated. These four runoff control methods are commonly prescribed to control forest road runoff and sediments. The study utilized runoff samplers, runoff diversion walls, sediment filter bags, and erosion stakes to evaluate r...

Rainfall simulations allow for controlled comparisons of runoff and erosion among ecosystems and land cover conditions. Runoff and erosion can increase greatly following fire, yet there are few rainfall simulation studies for post-fire plots, particularly after severe fire in semiarid forest. We conducted rainfall simulations shortly after a severe fire (Cerro Grande) in ponderosa pine forest n...

CASC2D is a physically-based, distributed model that simulates the response of a watershed to precipitation. Basic processes in the model include: precipitation, interception, infiltration, surface runoff and channel flow, and erosion and deposition of upland soil and channel bed sediment. Model performance is demonstrated by applications to numerous sites such as Goodwin Creek, MS. This waters...

The potential of coupling soil moisture and a Universal Soil Loss Equation-based (USLE-based) model for event soil loss estimation at plot scale is carefully investigated at the Masse area, in central Italy. The derived model, named Soil Moisture for Erosion (SM4E), is applied by considering the unavailability of in situ soil moisture measurements, by using the data predicted by a soil water ba...

Soil erosion in vineyards has to be considered as an environmental concern as it depletes soil fertility and produces damages in the fields and downstream. High soil and water losses decrease soil quality, and subsequently, can reduce the quality of the grapes and wine. However, in specialized journals of viticulture and enology, soil erosion studies are not present. This paper surveys the soil...

large impervious surfaces and man-made waterways are the characteristic of urban area. increasing urbanization and rapid growth of cities in recent decades towards the upstream watershed, has been severely affected on rainfall-runoff processes in urban area. therefore, to computer models in order to illustrate these processes the proper design or assessment of urban drainage systems has special...

eight sites were sampled during seven rain events to quantify and identify the sources ofpolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban runoff in the city of tijuana, mexico. the total σ16 pahsconcentration rangedfrom 1113 to 4866 μg/lin the sampled sites and thetotal suspended solid concentrations ranged from 7725 to 4413 μg/l. the high concentrations of total suspended solids were probably the res...

Recent techniques in the management of surface river water have been expanding the demand on the method that can provide more representative of multivariate data set. A proper technique of the architecture of artificial neural network (ANN) model and multiple linear regression (MLR) provides an advance tool for surface water modeling and forecasting. The development of receptor model was applie...