Image-Based Localization (IBL) is the problem of estimating the 3D pose of a camera with respect to a 3D representation of the scene. IBL is quite challenging in largescale environments spanning a wide variety of viewpoints, illumination, and areas where matching a query image against hundreds of thousands of 3D points becomes prone to a large number of outliers and ambiguous situations. The cu...

introduction: sexhormones are one of most important factors in difference of learning and memory between tow sexes (male & female). high concentration of estrogen and androgen receptors and mechanism of testosterone and estrogen production in learning and memory center, especially in hippocampus show the role of this receptors, sexhormons and p450 enzymes in spatial memory. consequently, in thi...

objective(s): there is controversial evidence about the effect of methamphetamine (meth) on spatial memory. we tested the time- dependent effects of meth on spatial short-term (working) and long-term (reference) memory in meth –sensitized and withdrawn rats in the morris water maze. materials and methods: rats were sensitized to meth (2 mg/kg, daily/5 days, sc). rats were trained in water maze ...

abstract: ِintroduction: the effect of morphine dependency on learning and spatial memory is controversial. so in this study effect of co-administeration of nitric oxide (no) and morphine in ca3 of hippocampus on learning and spatial memory in morphine dependent rats was investigated. methods: after anaesthetization of male rats, cannulae implanted bilaterally in ca3 of hippocampus. after recove...

introduction: the n-methyl-d-aspartate (nmda) receptors, which have been implicated in memory formation, could be noncompetitively blocked by ketamine. the present study examines the short term effect of ketamine on induction of anterograde and retrograde amnesia in male rats using morris water maze (mwm). methods: male n-mri rats were randomly divided into nine experimental groups. mwm studies...

previous studies had reported that extracellular levels of ascorbic acid have modulatory effects on dopamine receptors. both ascorbic acid and dopamine receptor have an important role in learning and memory processes. however, the central interaction between ascorbic acid and dopamine d2 receptor on spatial learning and memory has not yet been elucidated. all experiments were carried out on mal...

Vocabulary learning is central to reading ability and academic achievement. Vocabulary researchers and educators have viewed its essence as a process of associating the pronunciations and meanings of words in memory, and they have paid little attention to the contribution that spellings might make to vocabulary learning. We review theory and evidence showing that this is a serious oversight. On...