Background: Helicobacter pylori infection infects approximately 50% of the world’s population, and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. H. pylori infection is associated with large expenditures for diagnostic testing and prescription medication. Summary: The C13-urea breath test remains the non-invasive test with the highest sensitivity and specificity, and is the test-of-cho...

Of all the antibiotics used today for human treatment in world, macrolide antibiotics—erythromycin, clarithromycin and azithromycin—stand out most misuse, they were included as high-risk substances monitoring Watch List of Regulation 2018/840/EU. The aim present research was to investigate level target pharmaceuticals’ prevalence environment by substance flow analysis (SFA) approach determine p...

BACKGROUND Pharmacoeconomic models of Helicobacter (H) pylori eradication have been frequently cited but never validated. OBJECTIVE Examine retrospectively whether H pylori pharmacoeconomic models direct decision makers to cost-effective therapeutic choices. METHODS We first replicated and then validated 2 models, replacing model assumptions with empirical data from a multipayer claims data...

aim : the aim of this study was to evaluate the likelihood ratio and frequency of dq2 and dq8 in iranian patients with celiac disease (cd). background : the hla dq2 and hla dq8 are the important mediators in the development of celiac disease. a few studies evaluated the frequency of hla dq2 and hla dq8 haplotypes among the iranian population with low sample size. patients and methods : in this ...

â â â â â â â â â  the inner meaning of the holy quran â  â  hamid ahmadian * â â â abstractâ  the inner self (‘batin’) in the quran is set in opposition to the outer appearance (‘zaher’). ‘batin’ may have a variety of interpretations the most well-known of which are intended to be documented in this paper. different interpretations of ‘batin’ based on different opinions are as ...