In recent years, the application of high-performance and distributed computing in scientific practice has become increasingly wide-spread. Among the most widely available platforms to scientists are clusters, grids, and cloud systems. Such infrastructures currently are undergoing revolutionary change due to the integration of many-core technologies, providing orders-of-magnitude speed improveme...

Transposition of anatomical structures along the anteroposterior axis has been a commonly used mechanism for changing body proportions during the course of evolutionary time. Earlier work (Gaunt, S.J., 1994. Conservation in the Hox code during morphological evolution. Int. J. Dev. Biol. 38, 549-552; Burke, A.C., Nelson, C.E., Morgan, B.A., Tabin, C., 1995. Hox genes and the evolution of vertebr...

The dynamics of fermentation processes are very complex and not completely known. Some state variables are nonmeasurable, and the process parameters are strongly time dependent. Recently, there are some control methods like fuzzy learning and neural networks, which are promising in dealing with non-linearity, complexity, and uncertainly of these processes. These methods are suitable for the mod...

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Most children master the basic structures of their native language by the age of four, together with an array of cognitive and social accomplishments that appear to be necessary for language learning to take place. As a result of all this rapid development, the 4-year-old is a very sophisticated being: indeed, we have met children as young as three who can use their new linguistic tools to enga...

Work is a fundamental determinant of how Americans feel about the quality of their life. In the past 15 years, employment has gained a central role in the lives of women as well as men, with married women and single mothers greatly increasing their participation in the workforce (Nieva, 1988). As economic changes trigger workplace shutdowns and reductions in the workforce, an estimated 10 milli...

Recent molecular cloning of many of the genes controlling development, including growth factors and homeobox genes, has led to the formulation of basic plans of organogenesis (Kessel and Gruss, 1990; Chisaka et al., 1992; Gehring et al., 1994; Johnson and Tabin, 1997; Hogan, 1996, 1999; Gehring, 1999). During fetal and neonatal development of mammals, the last structures to develop along the em...

We derive a dynamic theoretical model that tests the social optimum and selfish Nash equilibrium of a renewable resource, a stock of fish. In the social optimum, maximum fishing effort is observed in the last period only. The predictions are tested at a recreational fishing pond. The subjects, experienced recreational fishermen, are placed in groups of four and face a dynamic social dilemma. Th...

Microtechniques are now used extensively in diagnostic as well as immunological studies for viruses, protozoa, and bacteria (Sever, 1962; Edwards, 1964; Kessel, Lewis, Pasquel, and Turner, 1965). In microtitrations constant volumes of fluids are picked up and delivered by specially constructed and calibrated metallic microdiluters. According to the Microtiter Instruction Manual of the Cooke Eng...

An intramolecular theory of the unusual mass-independent isotope effect for ozone formation and dissociation is described. The experiments include the enrichment factor, its dependence on the ambient pressure, the ratio of the formation rates of symmetric and asymmetric ozone isotopomers, the enrichment of ozone formed from heavily enriched oxygen isotopes, the comparison of that enrichment to ...