Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) is a noninvasive ultrasound modality that differentiates tissue structure via viscoelastic property. We are interested in using ARFI to discriminate between nonatherosclerotic arterial walls and atherosclerotic plaque. Both of these tissue types can be modeled as Kelvin materials each characterized by its own elasticity and viscosity. These properties def...

Water probably flowed across ancient Mars, but whether it ever exists as a liquid on the surface today remains debatable. Recurring slope lineae (RSL) are narrow (0.5 to 5 meters), relatively dark markings on steep (25° to 40°) slopes; repeat images from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment show them to appear and incrementally grow during warm seasons and ...

The composite backscattering of the ship model on sea surface is investigated with the spilling breaking waves and ship bow waves. The spilling breakers are approximately modeled with the wedge-like waves, and the ship bow waves are simulated based on the Kelvin model. With the modified four-path model, each scattering component is evaluated with the high frequency approximation methods for the...

The role of the cantilever in quantitative Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) is rigorously analyzed. We use the boundary element method to calculate the point spread function of the measuring probe: Tip and cantilever. The calculations show that the cantilever has a very strong effect on the absolute value of the measured contact potential difference even under ultra-high vacuum conditions, ...

The question of whether liquid atomization depends on instability dynamics (through refinements of Rayleigh-Plateau, Rayleigh-Taylor, or Kelvin-Helmholtz mechanisms) or on turbulent cascades, as suggested by Richardson and Kolmogorov, is still open. In this paper, experimental results reveal that both mechanisms are needed to explain the probability density functions (PDFs) of the droplets in a...

u(x, 0) = u0(x) and ut(x, 0) = u1(x) for x ∈ Ω, and u(x, t)|∂Ω = 0, t ≥ 0, (1.2) where Ω is a bounded domain in R with smooth, say C-class, boundary ∂Ω and σ(|∇u|) is a function like σ = 1/ √ 1 + |∇u|2, mean curvature type nonlinearity. The viscosity term −∆ut is often called a Kelvin-Voigt type dissipation or strong dissipation which appears in phenomena of wave propagation in a viscoelastic m...

We measure the interaction of a single superfluid vortex with surface irregularities. While vortex pinning in superconductors usually becomes weaker at higher temperatures, we find the opposite behavior. The pinning steadily increases throughout our measurement range, from 0.15Tc to over 0.5Tc. We also find that moving the other end of the vortex decreases the pinning, so we propose Kelvin wave...