The molecular karyotype of Paranosema grylli Sokolova, Seleznev, Dolgikh et Issi, 1994, a monomorphic diplokaryotic microsporidium, comprises numerous bright and faint bands of nonstoichiometric staining intensity. Restriction analysis of chromosomal DNAs by "karyotype and restriction display" 2-D PFGE has demonstrated that the complexity of molecular karyotype of P. grylli is related to the pr...

Surface topography of human metaphase chromosomes following GTG banding was examined using high resolution atomic force microscopy (AFM). Although using a completely different imaging mechanism, which is based on the mechanical interaction of a probe tip with the chromosome, the observed banding pattern is comparable to results from light microscopy and a karyotype of the AFM imaged metaphase s...

turner syndrome is a sex-chromosome disorder occurring in one out of 2500 female births and characterized by growth retardation, gonadal dysgenesis and cardiovascular anomalies. the 45, xo karyotype is the most frequent type of this disease. herein, we report on a 6-year-old girl with turner syndrome and 45, xo karyotype presenting with short stature. she had dextrocardia and hiatal hernia. to ...

in this study, the effect of audit quality on agency costs and information asymmetry has been examined. among the accepted companies 99 ones in tehran stock exchange were selected for statistical samples from 1385 to 1392 in order to attain the research purposes. to measure the audit quality, it has been used the observable variables such as the percentage of institutional investors, the type o...