In 1993, a 21m NOK (3m US$) national campaign against trade with illegal spirits (homebrewed or smuggled) was launched in Norway. This article reports results of its evaluation study. Surveys covering the age range 16-80 were carried out just before the campaign started and 1 year later. Half of those responding at baseline as well as a new sample were surveyed after 1 year. While at baseline 4...

This paper examined the relationship of materialism, depression and compulsive buying among university students. Moreover, it aimed to see the role of demographic variables in the relationship between these variables. Material Value Scale (Richins & Dawson, 1992), Compulsive Buying Scale (O'Guinn & Faber, 1989) and the subscale of depression of DASS (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995) were used to meas...

Background: The purpose of this paper was to explore the impact of brand variables such as brand awareness, brand loyalty, brand attachment, and perceived brand quality on compulsive buying behavior. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire, containing demographic items and items related to compulsive buying, brand awareness, brand loyalty, brand attachment and perceived quality, was used to ...

Does one do the “minimum” DFT just to avoid buying the “next” tester, does one do all the test “on chip” and cost reduce the ATE down to a battery and a data source and sink, or is silicon so precious that any use for non mission related function make the cost of the final die prohibitive. One can easily find proponents for each position and the data to back it up. This is because the answer is...

In this paper, we propose a market model which is based on reputation and reinforcement learning algorithms for buying and selling agents. Three important factors: quality, price and delivery-time are considered in the model. We take into account the fact that buying agents can have different priorities on quality, price and delivery-time of their goods and selling agents adjust their bids acco...

The debate over accountability for managed care quality is occurring everywhere, from Congress and state legislatures to courtrooms and boardrooms. This paper reviews a variety of today's techniques for holding managed care answerable for quality, ranging from those grounded in the law to more market-based approaches, including accreditation and commerce in data about plan performance. Today, t...

Answers how much to order when to order. Reduced price when item is purchased in larger quantities.The first model we will present is called the economic order quantity EOQ. We will discuss two types of quantity discount contracts: all units discounts and.buy the lowest total cost quantity, save the buyer money and, in some cases, receive more goods. quantity discount model example When we buy ...

Given the enormous growth and significant impacts of group buying on Internet business marketplaces, this study aims to understand consumer decision making process in an online group buying context from a Means-end Chain (MEC) theory perspective. The laddering interview technique was used to interview 58 online group buying users and to capture their reasons behind the online shopping behaviour...

This study investigates the relationships between U.S. buying firms’ supplier development efforts, commitment, social capital accumulation with key suppliers, and buying firm performance. We identify linkages between supply chain management research on supplier development and organization theory research on social capital to consider how buying firm commitment to a long-term relationship, cogn...