We ask whether the widely used direction of decision and direction of vote variables in the United States Supreme Court Judicial Database (USSCJD) are contaminated by confirmation bias, or have been affected by expectations about the likely effects of judicial preferences on case outcomes. Using a sample of generally comparable cases, we find evidence that the assignment of issue codes to these...

This article analyses the Maritime Sector economic grow impact to Lithuania’s economy from a Cluster perspective. The potential competitive industry in Lithuania is on interest because Lithuanian expanding its connections whole European region, going beyond boundaries of anyone sector, supported by EU Strategic documents, but steps towards clustering still are tentative and negligible. Assessin...

A remaining challenge to enable free and open-source hardware (FOSH) catch up with now industry-dominant software (FOSS) is identifying appropriate business models. In this article a new FOSH model discussed, specialty components for fabricators, using case study of an screw manufacturer business. The explores the economics building system that meant fabricate component other businesses prosume...

Given the unforeseen and uncertain circumstances during pandemic, role of government expenditure becomes extremely relevant in sustaining lives livelihoods masses. This brings forth public sector deficit as a key issue macroeconomic policy debate. article aims at investigating effects an unanticipated adverse shock like COVID-19, on real value debt, small open economy, consisting traded non-tra...

‎s‎. ‎kim et al‎. ‎have been analyzed the girth of some algebraically‎ ‎structured quasi-cyclic (qc) low-density parity-check (ldpc)‎ ‎codes‎, ‎i.e‎. ‎tanner $(3,5)$ of length $5p$‎, ‎where $p$ is a prime of‎ ‎the form $15m+1$‎. ‎in this paper‎, ‎by extension this method to‎ ‎tanner $(3,7)$ codes of length $7p$‎, ‎where $p$ is a prime of the‎ ‎form $21m‎+ ‎1$‎, ‎the girth values of tanner $(3,7...

Abstract It is commonly known that irresponsible alcohol use can have adverse effects. For some people, it results in health problems, for others productivity loss, and experience the worst possible outcome of misuse – death. This paper estimates effect reduced sales hours on alcohol-attributable mortality (AAM) Estonia. Using novel data from 1997 to 2015, this analyzes policies at both county ...

In October 2021, the Inclusive Framework of Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) adopted a new international tax deal, which has been hailed as major step towards fair effective global corporate system. this article, we question verdict. We analyse deal on basis three complementary fairness principles: preventing free riding by multinational corporations (MNCs), respect...

We examine the relationship between unemployment benefits and using Swedish regional data. To estimate effect of an increase in insurance (UI) on we exploit ceiling UI benefits. The benefit ceiling, coupled with fact that there are wage differentials, implies generosity varies regionally. More importantly, actual within region over time due to variations ceiling. find fairly robust evidence sug...