What a Difference a Y Makes: Female and Male Nascent Entrepreneurs in Germany In western industrialized countries men are on average more than twice as active in entrepreneurship as women. Based on data from a recent representative survey of the adult population in Germany this paper uses an empirical model for the decision to become selfemployed to test for differences between women and men in...

Finance and Growth at the Firm Level: Evidence from SBA Loans* We analyze linked databases on all Small Business Administration (SBA) loans, on all SBA lenders, and on all U.S. employers to estimate the effects of financial access on employment growth. Our methods combine regressions with matching on firm age, size, industry, year, and employment history, and with instrumental variables capturi...

I study the effect of an increase in financial incentives for firms to hire disabled workers in the context of an employment quota. My results suggest that this increase had a positive impact on firms’ demand for disabled workers. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2010.01.016 Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-43060 ...

Searching for the Entrepreneurial Personality: New Evidence and Avenues for Further Research What makes the entrepreneurial personality is the key question we seek to answer in the special issue of the Journal of Economic Psychology on “Personality and Entrepreneurship”. The contributions are clustered around questions regarding the linkage between personality, socio-economic factors and entrep...

The two primary approaches to estimate marginal willingness-to-pay (MWTP) are hedonic (Rosen, 1974) and discrete choice models (McFadden, 1974). This paper provides a tractable framework to investigate the relationship between MWTP in these models. By deriving the hedonic price gradient implicitly from the share function in the discrete choice model, I present an analytical mapping between the ...

The absence of repeated direct measures of job skill requirements, such as a fully updated edition of the Dictionary of Occupational Titles (DOT), creates problems for anyone interested in understanding whether, how much, and how fast the demand for cognitive skills in the workplace has grown over time. Many studies have merged cross-sectional skill scores for detailed occupations from the DOT ...

In this paper I estimate the labor demand response of Hungarian exporting firms to real exchange rate movements. The use of firm level export/import data enables me to separate two channels through which the exchange rate affects labor demand. First, a real depreciation raises the forint-equivalent price of foreign competitors, thereby boosting demand for the firm’s export and, hence, the firm’...

The existing theoretical analysis of micro…nance focuses on the nature of the loan contract such as group liability. We draw attention to the role of missing or imperfect labor market in understanding some of the important ‘second generation’debates in micro…nance. Our analysis helps explain a number puzzles in micro…nance such as (i) high repayment rates with high interest rates, (ii) di¢ cult...

Using a large longitudinal data set, we study the effects of increased trade on earnings and mobility in the Swedish labor market in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Earnings respond significantly to changes in industry sales, whether generated by domestic market forces or international trade: Swedish exports (imports) raise (lower) annual earnings, but changes in trade affect earnings just as a...

This paper addresses the issue if and to what extent young firms differ from incumbents regarding the use of non-standard employment, trust-based working time arrangements and overtime hours in the light of the qualitative changes of employment structures that are taking place in industrialized countries, such as rising shares of non-standard employment and borders between work and private life...