This study was performed in order to determine the distance of isolation for the seed potato production from ware potato in three regions of Ardabil, Namin and Nir. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with five distances (100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 meters from ware potato) and three replications with Super Elite (SE) class of Agria potato cultivar from wa...

The chromosomal determination of interspecific differences in mating behavior was studied in the interfertile pair, Drosophila arizonensis and Drosophila mojavensis, by means of chromosomal substitutions. Interspecific crossing over was avoided by crossing hybrid males to parental females, and identification of the origin of each chromosome in backcrossed hybrids was possible by means of allozy...

Background: Speciation can involve variation in the dimensionality of population divergence (defined as variation in the number of independent ecological variables, phenotypic traits, or genes differing between populations). Recent work indicates that reproductive isolation between populations is multidimensional, but that this multidimensionality has an upper limit. A remaining question is how...

Environmental differences can cause reproductive isolation to evolve. Distinct habitats can be particularly important for the evolution of genetically based sexual isolation, which occurs when divergent preferences and mating traits reduce mating between species. Yet, we know little about environmental effects on the potentially plastic expression, and thus the current maintenance, of sexual is...

In the last two decades, there has been an increasing interest in structural engineering control methods. Shape memory alloys and seismic isolation systems are examples of passive control systems that use of any one alone, effectively improve the seismic performance of the structure. Characteristics such as large strain range without any residual deformation, high damping capacity, excellent re...

This study was performed in order to determine the distance of isolation for the seed potato production from ware potato in three regions of Ardabil, Namin and Nir. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with five distances (100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 meters from ware potato) and three replications with Super Elite (SE) class of Agria potato cultivar from wa...

Background: In vitro model studies are becoming increasingly popular for experimental research designs. They include isolation and expansion of cells of a particular tissue, such as the nervous tissue which contributes to understanding the underlying mechanisms in many pathologies. It enables  the scrutinization of intracellular signaling pathways responsible for cell death. OBJECTIVES: In the ...