—Mature channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus were exposed to water containing three different concentrations (20, 40, and 60 mg/L) of AQUI-S (50% isoeugenol) during routine handling procedures at a commercial catfish facility. Anesthetic efficacy, recovery time, and the effects of AQUI-S on routine measures of stress were compared with similar measures in a group of fish sampled prior to anesthe...

Perfumes (fragrance substances) are used in the formulation of consumer products to provide pleasure to the user and/or to mask malodours of some other ingredients in the products. Perfumes are also used in aromatherapy. A typical perfume may be composed of 10}300 substances selected from a battery of over 3000 synthetic and natural fragrance materials. It has been shown that approximately 2% o...

ion and subsequent deprotonation gives rise to phenoxy radicals, which play a pivotal role in lignin chemistry. Overall spin trapping systems could be powerful tools to understand the radical intermediates involved in lignin chemistry. In Table 4 our data on spin trap experiments with DIPPMPO and different phenols are shown. There are different oxidation systems for the generation of phenoxy ra...

Odorant perception is initiated when odorants activate unique combinations of odorant receptors (ORs) expressed in the cilia of olfactory sensory neurons in the nose (Buck and Axel 1991; Malnic et al. 1999). One of the greatest challenges in the olfactory science is to correlate ORs with their ligands (to deorphanize the ORs). The determination of OR– ligand pairs should reveal how the OR famil...

Challenges and regulations associated with handling fish during fisheries management activities have increased efforts to achieve U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval for an immediate-release sedative for fish. The objectives of this study were to (1) identify the target concentration of AQUI-S 20E for sedation of Pallid Sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus to a handleable state followed by rapi...