نتایج جستجو برای: ischemiareperfusion injury pyramidal neurons

تعداد نتایج: 484663  

2015
Andrew R. Rau Olusegun J. Ariwodola Jeff L. Weiner

BACKGROUND The basolateral amygdala plays a critical role in the etiology of anxiety disorders and addiction. Pyramidal neurons, the primary output cells of this region, display increased firing following exposure to stressors, and it is thought that this increase in excitability contributes to stress responsivity and the expression of anxiety-like behaviors. However, much remains unknown about...

Journal: :Cell 2002
Hirofumi Nakatomi Toshihiko Kuriu Shigeo Okabe Shin-ichi Yamamoto Osamu Hatano Nobutaka Kawahara Akira Tamura Takaaki Kirino Masato Nakafuku

The adult brain is extremely vulnerable to various insults. The recent discovery of neural progenitors in adult mammals, however, raises the possibility of repairing damaged tissue by recruiting their latent regenerative potential. Here we show that activation of endogenous progenitors leads to massive regeneration of hippocampal pyramidal neurons after ischemic brain injury. Endogenous progeni...

Journal: :مجله علوم اعصاب شفای خاتم 0
sajad sahab negah a. shefa neuroscience research center, khatam alanbia hospital, tehran, iran b. histology and embryology group, basic science department, faculty of veterinary medicine, shiraz university, shiraz, iran zabihollah khaksar histology and embryology group, basic science department, faculty of veterinary medicine, shiraz university, shiraz, iran elham mohammad zadeh shefa neuroscience research center, khatam alanbia hospital, tehran, iran mostafa modarres mousavi shefa neuroscience research center, khatam alanbia hospital, tehran, iran ali jahanbazi jahan-abad shefa neuroscience research center, khatam alanbia hospital, tehran, iran

a common pathological process that occurred after brain injury is gliosis. gliosis involves the activation of glial cells to proliferate and become hypertrophic to occupy the injured brain areas. in order to form a defense system against the invasion of micro-organisms and cytotoxins into surrounding tissue, glial cells including astrocytes and microglia undergo reactive response to injury. neu...

Journal: :The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 2001
P A Castro E C Cooper D H Lowenstein S C Baraban

Human cortical malformations often result in severe forms of epilepsy. Although the morphological properties of cells within these malformations are well characterized, very little is known about the function of these cells. In rats, prenatal methylazoxymethanol (MAM) exposure produces distinct nodules of disorganized pyramidal-like neurons (e.g., nodular heterotopia) and loss of lamination in ...

Journal: :The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 2013
Sheng Miao Renchao Chen Jiahao Ye Guo-He Tan Shuai Li Jing Zhang Yong-hui Jiang Zhi-Qi Xiong

Pyramidal neurons have a highly polarized dendritic morphology, characterized by one long apical dendrite and multiple short basal dendrites. They function as the primary excitatory cells of the mammalian prefrontal cortex and the corticospinal tract. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of polarized dendrite morphology in pyramidal neurons remain poorly understood. Here...

2012
Alexander J. McDonald Franco Mascagni Violeta Zaric

The hippocampus and amygdala are key structures of the limbic system whose connections include reciprocal interactions with the basal forebrain (BF). The hippocampus receives both cholinergic and GABAergic afferents from the medial septal area of the BF. Hippocampal projections back to the medial septal area arise from non-pyramidal GABAergic neurons that express somatostatin (SOM), calbindin (...

2015
Lukas Mesik Wen-pei Ma Ling-yun Li Leena A. Ibrahim Z. J. Huang Li I. Zhang Huizhong W. Tao

Despite accounting for about 20% of all the layer 2/3 inhibitory interneurons, the vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) expressing neurons remain the least thoroughly studied of the major inhibitory subtypes. In recent studies, VIP neurons have been shown to be activated by a variety of cortico-cortical and neuromodulatory inputs, but their basic sensory response properties remain poorly cha...

2012
Tristan Hedrick Jack Waters

The spiking patterns of neocortical pyramidal neurons are shaped by the conductances in their apical dendrites. We have previously shown that the spiking patterns of layer 5 pyramidal neurons change with temperature, probably because temperature modulates the electrical coupling between somatic and dendritic compartments. Here we determine whether temperature has similar effects on the spiking ...

Journal: :Neuron 2000
Jozsef Csicsvari Hajime Hirase Akira Mamiya György Buzsáki

Transfer of neuronal patterns from the CA3 to CA1 region was studied by simultaneous recording of neuronal ensembles in the behaving rat. A nonlinear interaction among pyramidal neurons was observed during sharp wave (SPW)-related population bursts, with stronger synchrony associated with more widespread spatial coherence. SPW bursts emerged in the CA3a-b subregions and spread to CA3c before in...

Journal: :Cerebral cortex 2003
Joachim Lübke Arnd Roth Dirk Feldmeyer Bert Sakmann

We have investigated the dendritic and axonal morphology of connected pairs of L4 spiny neurons and L2/3 pyramidal cells in rat barrel cortex. The 'projection' field of the axons of L4 spiny neurons in layers 2/3, 4 and 5 has a width of 400-500 microm thereby defining an anatomical barrel-column. In layer 2/3, the averaged axonal 'projection' field of L4 spiny neurons together with the dendriti...

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