The effects of valsartan and other nonpeptide angiotensin II type 1 (AT(1)) receptor blockers on the prejunctional actions of angiotensin II were investigated in the isolated left atria of rat. Norepinephrine stores in rat atria were loaded with [(3)H]norepinephrine, and neuronal norepinephrine release was deduced from the radioactivity efflux. Angiotensin II (10(-9) to 10(-6) M) produced conce...

Angiotensin II (Ang II) enhances insulin sensitivity in humans, and this is associated with a paradoxical increase in skeletal muscle blood flow. It is unclear whether these effects are mediated via subtype 1 receptors of Ang II, because these receptors are thought to mediate vasoconstriction. Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake (euglycemic clamp technique) and leg muscle blood flow (plethysmogra...

OBJECTIVE Left ventricular hypertrophy has been associated with the prolongation of QT-time, and an increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias. The renin angiotensin system has been implicated in the development of ventricular hypertrophy. At 5 weeks complete AV block (CAVB) in the dog, there is: (1) biventricular hypertrophy associated with a transient activation of components of the renin angi...

BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major microvascular complication with diabetes. In China, an estimated 34.7 percent of people diagnosed with diabetes have renal complications and a further 50 percent die of renal failure. Hence, identification of alternative treatments for these patients should be given priority. The Shenyan Kangfu tablet (SYKFT) is a new formulation of an existing an...

ANG II applied to the interstitial space influences carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in a tissue-specific fashion. Thus endogenous ANG II may have a tonic effect on tissue metabolism that could be reversed with ANG II type 1 (AT1) receptor blockade, particularly during adrenergic stimulation. We studied 14 obese men. They were treated for 10 days with the AT1 receptor blocker irbesartan or wit...

AIMS To investigate whether the administration of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors and statins could alleviate atrial fibrosis via platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)/Rac1 /nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) axis. METHODS AND RESULTS In human left atrium, the degree of atrial fibrosis, as well as the expression levels of PDGF, Rac1 and NF-κB increased 1.5 to 2.9 folds in patients with ...

Abstract Background and Aims IgAN is the most common glomerular disease worldwide. Despite optimized standard of care, patients with progress to kidney failure within 10-15 years, consequently seriously affecting their quality life mortality. Treatments that reduce proteinuria risk progression are urgently needed for IgAN. Sparsentan a novel, oral, non-immunosuppressive, single molecule dual en...