Of continuing interest to social scientists and waste management officials are factors influencing household recycling behavior, one of which is the social context in which this activity occurs. Provision in South African constitution of the right to a safe environment, extensive legislation to implement this right and the transition to a multi-racial society underway there provide a special se...

BACKGROUND Evidence from the Early 2000s quantified limited coverage of household water supplies in countries of the former Soviet Union. The study objectives were to measure changes in access to piped household water in seven of these countries between 2001 and 2010 and examine how these varied by household economic status. METHODS Cross-sectional household sample surveys were conducted in 2...

abstract: one of the strategies which are considered in recycling materials is origin separation of waste by households, that basis of these projects is households' cooperation. the objective of this study is evaluation of different urban regions about origin separation of the waste by households and ranking them in mashhad. the statistics and information required obtained by completing qu...

because of national and international importance of the anzali international wetland, this study attempts to determine the preservation value and estimate willingness to pay (wtp) by iranian households for preserving this wetland, using contingent valuation method. a logit model was employed with maximum likelihood estimation procedure. results showed, education level of householder, informativ...

BACKGROUND Leptospirosis, a spirochaetal zoonotic disease, is the cause of epidemics associated with high mortality in urban slum communities. Infection with pathogenic Leptospira occurs during environmental exposures and is traditionally associated with occupational risk activities. However, slum inhabitants reside in close proximity to environmental sources of contamination, suggesting that t...

BACKGROUND While healthcare costs for rotavirus gastroenteritis requiring hospitalization may be burdensome on households in Malaysia, exploration on the distribution and catastrophic impact of these expenses on households are lacking. OBJECTIVES We assessed the economic burden, levels and distribution of catastrophic healthcare expenditure, the poverty impact on households and inequities rel...

Housing developments in Lagos State peri-urban settlements have contributed immensely to the alleviation of the challenges of housing deficits in central Lagos. This research aims at examining the characteristics of housing development in the peri-urban settlements of Lagos State, Nigeria. Using a case study approach, housing developments in peri-urban settlements in Ibeju-Lekki Local Governmen...

OBJECTIVE The paper examines whether out-of-pocket health care expenditure also has regional discrepancies, comparing to the equity between urban and rural areas, and across households. METHOD Sampled data were derived from Urban Household Survey and Rural Household Survey data for 2011/2012 for Anhui Province, and 11049 households were included in this study. The study compared differences i...