Summary In order to establish the normative curves for BMD in Iranian individuals, we measured BMDs at the lumbar spine and femoral regions of 760 women and 632 men using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. This study provides a baseline normative for Iranian individuals. BMD values of Iranian subjects were generally lower than those of the American population. Introduction In order to establish ...

Knowledge of high resolution Y-chromosome haplogroup diversification within Iran provides important geographic context regarding the spread and compartmentalization of male lineages in the Middle East and southwestern Asia. At present, the Iranian population is characterized by an extraordinary mix of different ethnic groups speaking a variety of Indo-Iranian, Semitic and Turkic languages. Desp...

Purpose – The paper aims to investigate the rate of Iranian researchers collaboration with their colleagues in other countries in science citation index (SCI). In addition, it seeks to investigate the visibility of publications by Iranian researchers, and particularly the visibility of papers resulting from international collaboration. Design/methodology/approach – The paper employs the survey ...

BACKGROUND Due to negligence, Persian (Iranian) traditional medicine has had a weak presence in the world of research for a long time. However, in recent years, a variety of activates by research and faculty centers have created awareness and a platform to introduce and promote Persian medicine to the world. The aim of this study is to present and analyze scientific achievements of Persian medi...

The aim of this note is to point out and correct some errors in the definition of the four arithmetic operations for triangle intuitionistic fuzzy numbers introduced by Shu et al. [Shu MH, Cheng CH, Chang JR. Using intuitionistic fuzzy sets for fault-tree analysis on printed circuit board assembly. Microelectron Reliab 2006;46:2139–48]. 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Based on the conce...

| This paper considers the vector quantization of signals using the L1 distortion measure. The key contribution is a result that allows one to characterize the centroid of a set of vectors for the L1 distortion measure. A method similar to the LBG algorithm for designing codebooks has been developed and tested. The paper also discusses the design of vector quantizers employing the L1 distortion...

This paper explores issues around using a Participatory Design of a Location Based Game (LBG) developed as part of a project to connect young people (11-19 years old) in Lancaster and Manchester by exploring issues surrounding place and their sense of belonging within their community. Both these communities were chosen, as they are representative of particular socio-economic conditions that hav...

The well known LBG algorithm uses binary splitting method for generating initial codebook which is then iteratively improved by GLA. In the present paper we study different variants of the splitting method and its application to codebook generation problem with and without GLA. A new iterative splitt ing method is proposed which is applicable to the codebook generation without the use of GLA. E...