vitamin d deficiency is the most under-diagnosed medical condition in postmenopausal women. there are few epidemiologic studies on vitamin d status of postmenopausal women in iran. this study aimed to investigate the 25-hydroxyvitamin d levels in postmenopausal women living in tehran, capital of iran. in this cross sectional study, 110 women were selected via convenience sampling method from me...

background: the age of menopause has not changed in past centuries; however the life span has gradually increased. today's women spend one third of their life time after menopause. this study investigates quality of life after the menopause and its relation to marital status. methods: a descriptive study was conducted. the sample consisted of 384 post-menopausal women in isfahan in 2006. data w...

Women share unique physiological processes and lifecycle transitions related to their hormonal systems and physical bodies. Women suffer from many of the same diseases as men, and some conditions, like cardiovascular disease, affect women at high rates with devastating consequences. But many health challenges are faced only by women. Some of these have to do with sexual organs and hormonal syst...

Background—Women with congenital long-QT syndrome experience an increased risk for cardiac events after the onset of adolescence that is more pronounced among carriers of the LQT2 genotype. We hypothesized that the hormonal changes associated with menopause may affect clinical risk in this population. Methods and Results—We used a repeated-events analysis to evaluate the risk for recurrent sync...

Polyfluoroalkyl chemicals (PFCs)—chemicals used in the manufacture of stainand water-repellant products—are suspected endocrine disrupters. Animal studies have suggested an association between exposure to two of the most commonly encountered PFCs (perfluoro octanoate, or PFOA, and perfluorooctane sulfonate, or PFOS) and altered hormonal function, although evidence in humans remains inconsistent...

Menarche and menopause demarcate the limits of potential reproductive life span in the female. A number of studies have conducted on this aspect in different endogamous population of Andhra Pradesh at different time’s .For the present work the urban and rural areas of Kshatriya women have been taken to study and this population has not studied previously on this aspect. In the study population ...

OBJECTIVE To study attitudes toward menopause in women with or at risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) aged 35 to 60 in New York City, NY, USA. DESIGN Data were obtained at the baseline interview in a cohort study of menopause. Of 502 participating women, 92 were postmenopausal and 162 were perimenopausal. RESULTS Overall, 37.5% of women had a relatively favorable attitude toward meno...

THE AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of the study was to determine menopause-related changes in serum levels of main proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 175 women, who were divided into 5 study groups (group 1 - fertile women; group 2 - pre- and perimenopausal women; group 3 - postmenopausal women; group 4 - surgically induced menopausal women; gro...

Obesity and adult weight gain are well-established risk factors for postmenopausal breast cancer. Although there are a few studies demonstrating the contribution of adult weight gain to breast cancer risk, whether weight gain during a critical time period is specifically associated with risk, or whether subsequent weight loss among women who have gained weight will reduce the excess risk, is no...

Background The twenty-one million women reaching menopause in the next ten years can cope with menopause effects in a variety ofnew ways. Today, a growing body of evidence indicates that women may wish to actively participate in choosing health management strategies. Estrogen has been shown to prevent primary heart disease and osteoporosis with additional possible benefits of prevention of Alzh...