For the first-time visitor, China is breathtaking — a land of extraordinary vitality, unimaginable size, and outlandish contrasts. Its cities hum with energy, purpose, and impenetrable traffic jams choking inadequate roadways. It is home to one quarter of the world’s population, and more and more of its 1.3 billion people have flocked into megalopolises (such as Shanghai, with more than 16 mill...

BACKGROUND The primary health care (PHC) network contributed considerably to improving health outcomes in rural Iran. However, the health system suffers from inadequate responses to ever-increasing demands. In 2005, a reform comprised of a family physician (FP) programme and universal health insurance was implemented in all rural areas and cities with a population of <20 000. We explored the ro...

In a randomised trial of artificial surfactant (ALEC) given at birth to 294 babies less than 34 weeks' gestation, the respiratory compliance was measured at 1, 6, 24, 48, and 168 hours after birth. In babies less than 29 weeks' gestation ALEC significantly improved the mean (SEM) compliance at 6 hours from 0.54 (0.06) to 0.91 (0.13) ml/cm H2O/kg and at 24 hours from 0.57 (0.04) to 0.92 (0.10) m...

BACKGROUND Food security is a multi-dimensional phenomenon. The objective of this study was to identify and prioritize major indices for determining food insecurity in Iran. METHODS Descriptive study using the Delphi method was conducted through an email-delivered questionnaire. Forty-three senior experts at national or provincial level were selected based on their work experience and educati...

abstract the expansion of financ system expanding in a country is one of the main determinant factors of foreign investment. flow and the system is affected by essential factors such as political constancy. political risks of each country is evaluated by political system figuration, its constancy, policies constancy and regular rules existence for political competition. this constancy is the mo...

The 2022 winter was the most polluted season of Tehran in past five years. is rated as one world’s cities World Air Quality Index (AQI) Ranking. pollution Iran’s big consequence several economic, technological, management, and socio-cultural factors. But how important currency exchange rate? Since Iranian revolution 1979, country has been subjected to sanctions imposed by a varied international...

By increasing the extraction of natural gas, its role in the restructured power systems is being expanded, due to its lower pollution. Iran has the second largest reserves of natural gas in the world and exports it to different countries. This paper represents long run analysis of natural gas export from Iran to Turkey as a case study, considering direct transfer and exporting via the power mar...