The kinetic energy spectra of D+ ions resulting from the sequential double ionization of D2 molecules in an intense few-cycle laser field are calculated. The D2 molecule is first ionized at its equilibrium distance, followed by further ionization of D2 + at larger internuclear separations. The time evolution of the nuclear wave packet is calculated including loss from ionization by the time-dep...

We analyze the process of strong field ionization using the Bohmian approach. This allows retention of the concept of electron trajectories. We consider the tunnelling regime of ionization. We show that, in this regime, the coordinate distribution for the ionized electron has peaks near the points in space that can be interpreted as exit points. The interval of time during which ionization occu...

Experimental results are presented from an experiment in which ionization created by a highenergy x-ray synchrotron radiation beam intersecting an ethylene diffusion flame is measured.The ionization signal is believed to arise from x-ray absorption by aggregated soot particles.Comparisons are made between these ionization profiles and those due to natural flameionization. Visibl...

Abbreviations: PTMs=post-translational modifi cations; PPIs=protein-protein interactions; SDS-PAGE= sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; 2D-PAGE=two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; MS=mass spectrometry; ESI=electrospray ionization; MALDI=Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization; ESI-MS=electrospray ionization mass spectrometry; MALDI-MS=MALDI mass spectr...

We discuss the use of non-perturbative methods in the treatment of atomic ionization. Particular attention is given to schemes of the type proposed by Keldysh where multiphoton ionization and tunnel auto-ionization occur for high intensity fields. These methods are shown to correspond to a certain type of expansion of the T-matrix in the intra-atomic potential, in this manner a criterium concer...

Reliably interpreting spectra from both photoionized and electron-ionized cosmic plasmas requires an accurate understanding of the ionization balance of the source and the underlying atomic physics which produces the ionization structure. Uncertainties in ionization balance calculations hamper our ability to model cosmic sources and to infer reliably their properties. Of particular importance a...

We report the first experimental observation of the dependence of strong-field ionization rate on the sign of the magnetic quantum number. We measure the strong-field sequential double ionization yield of argon by two time-delayed near-circularly polarized laser pulses. It is found that double-ionization yield is enhanced more than 3 times if two lasers have the opposite helicities. Analysis sh...

When intense laser pulses release electrons nonsequentially, the time delay between the last recollision and the subsequent ionization may last longer than what is expected from a direct impact scenario [recollision excitation with subsequent ionization (RESI)]. We show that the resulting delayed ionization stems from the inner electron being promoted to a sticky region. We identify the mechani...

Partial single and double differential cross sections with their sums through direct and dissociative ionization of PF3 have been evaluated at fixed electron energies 100 and 200 eV, by using modified Jain-Khare semi-empirical approach. To the best of my knowledge no other data of differential cross sections are available for the comparison. I have also calculated integral ionization cross sect...

chemical hardness () and absolute electronegativity () have important applications in chemistry. inthe conceptual density functional theory (dft), these concepts has been associated with electronicenergy and the relationship with ionization energy (i) and electron affinity (a) of these concepts hasbeen given. in this study, graphical method was used in order to see the relationship with the a...