Understanding the impulse response of tower grounding systems is a key factor in the determination of the lightning performance of transmission lines and the safety voltages near high voltage towers. This paper reports the results of an experimental study on the impulse characteristics of full-scale transmission line tower footings. The ground potential distribution both at the ground surface a...

Abstract Solenoidal ionisers are a new class of highly efficient helium detectors that increasingly important for high resolution atom scattering, molecular scattering and scanning microscopy. They operate via electron ionisation, where the electrons trapped by magnetic field solenoid additional electrostatic potentials. Their ionisation efficiency scales with population they contain, motivatin...

The C–C bond dissociation channel of the ethyl (CH3–CH2) radical is investigated at 197.4, 199.98 and 201 nm by velocity map imaging resonance enhanced multiphoton ionisation (REMPI) detection ...

Photons are exponentially attenuated in matter producing high doses close to the surface. Therefore they are not well suited for the treatment of deep seated tumours. Charged particles, in contrast, exhibit a sharp increase of ionisation density close to the end of their range, the so-called Bragg-peak. The depth of the Bragg-peak can be adjusted by varying the particle’s energy. In parallel wi...

Chemical analysis for the characterisation of micro-organisms is rapidly evolving, after the recent advent of new ionisation methods in mass spectrometry (MS): electrospray (ES) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation (MALDI). These methods allow quick characterisation of micro-organisms, either directly or after minimum sample preparation. This review provides a brief introduction to E...

A neutrino factory based on a muon storage ring is the ultimate tool for studies of neutrino oscillations, including possibly leptonic CP violation. It is also the first step towards μμ colliders. The performance of this new and promising line of accelerators relies heavily on the concept of ionisation cooling of minimum ionising muons, for which much R&D is required. The concept of a muon ioni...