In barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) leaves, differential ion accumulation commonly results in inorganic phosphate (Pi) being confined to the mesophyll and Ca(2+) to the epidermis, with preferential epidermal accumulation of Cl(-), Na(+), and some other ions. The pattern was confirmed in this study for major inorganic anions and cations by analysis of barley leaf protoplasts. The work focused on the ...

Many enveloped viruses depend on the membrane remodeling machinery of their host cells to complete their life cycle. In this issue, Rossman et al. (2010) now demonstrate that influenza virus possesses its own device for releasing nascent virus particles from the plasma membrane, the M2 proton-selective ion channel, which can substitute for the host cell's ESCRT pathway.

Carbon nanostructured materials in general and carbon nanotubes in particular exhibit remarkable and unique properties that make them promising candidates for a wide range of applications. In the field of sensors, for example, carbon-based materials such as fullerene (C60) [1], three-dimensionally ordered macroporous (3DOM) carbon [2], and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) [3] have been u...

Based on the home-made cation-exchange membrane (CEM) and bipolar membrane (BPM), electrodialysis with bipolar membrane (EDBPM) and electro-membrane reactor with three compartments (EMR-3) were developed to achieve in situ ion substitution and recovery of gluconic acid (GLH) from its sodium salt. Physicochemical and electrochemical properties of CEM and BPM were studied to assess their...

The ion-trap technique is an experimental approach allowing measurement of changes in ionic concentrations within a restricted space (the trap) comprised of a large-diameter ion-selective electrode apposed to a voltage-clamped Xenopus laevis oocyte. The technique is demonstrated with oocytes expressing the Na(+)/glucose cotransporter (SGLT1) using Na(+)- and H(+)-selective electrodes and with t...

The effect or temperature on the behavior of Cu(II) Mr electrode based on bis(N-sahcylidenc-3.3'-4iaminodiphenyl) sulfune(BSDDS) was studied. This electrode showed a good Nemstian response in the temperaturerange of 20-50 C. Also, the behavior of the synthesized electrode was inngigated in the mixed solvents'ethanol+water" and "dioxane +water'.

Abstract The smart membrane is a new type of functional membrane. performance this changed according to the variations in external physical and chemical signals. This has become an essential focus specific recognition, catalysis, selective permeation, other fields. However, problems are weak anti-pollution ability, poor response performance, inability mass production. Therefore, scholars have d...

Membrane proteins are molecular machines that transport ions, solutes, or information across the cell membrane. Electrophysiological techniques have unraveled many functional aspects of ion channels but suffer from the lack of structural sensitivity. Here, we present spectroelectrochemical data on vibrational changes of membrane proteins derived from a single monolayer. For the seven-helical tr...

Real-time measurements of carbonate ion concentrations in the ocean are critical to advancing marine environmental monitoring and research into deep-sea hydrothermal activity. Herein, we report first example field exploration using a ion-selective electrode (ISE). The novel ISE was composed Ni wire as substrate, carbon film transducers carbonate-selective membrane layers. This paper describes p...

Activation of insulin receptors stimulates a rapid increase in the ion permeability of liver cells. To evaluate whether this response involves insertion of ion channels, plasma membrane turnover was measured in a model liver cell line using the fluorescent membrane marker FM1-43. Under basal conditions, the rate of constitutive membrane turnover was approximately 2%min(-1), and balanced exocyto...