Weeds and invasive plants perform the colonization niche by seizing locally available opportunity spacetime created by human activity. The urge to understand and predict weed life history behavior provides a strong scientific and practical motivation to develop models. Most current weed models are quantitative and demographic. This chapter is a critical review of the limitations of demographic ...

Good management models for postemergence weed control require good estimates of which weed density produces an economic threshold yield. Because intraweed competition increases if weeds are aggregated, weed spatial pattern may be an important factor for inclusion in management models. Mathematical models of weed–crop competition have demonstrated that this may be the case, but the small number ...

Abstract Invasive plants are a major threat to biodiversity and may adversely affect food security. Clonal integration enables the sharing of resources between connected ramets can enhance plant performance in many invasive species. However, few studies have examined role clonal when weeds exposed growth regulators (PGRs). PGRs used extensively agriculture nearby through soil leaching, erosion ...

Alternanthera philoxeroides is a notoriously invasive weed that can readily adapt to different environmental conditions. Control of this weed is difficult, and it spreads easily and causes damage to native habitats and agriculture. In this study, our goal was to investigate the molecular mechanisms that lead to the ability of A. philoxeroides to invade new habitats, to adapt to environmental st...

Hydrilla [Hydrilla verticillata (Lf) Royle] is one of the most serious invasive aquatic weed problems in the USA. This plant possesses numerous mechanisms of vegetative reproduction that enable it to spread very rapidly. Management of this weed has been achieved by the systemic treatment of water bodies with the herbicide fluridone. At least three dioecious fluridone-resistant biotypes of hydri...

UNLABELLED • PREMISE OF THE STUDY The evolution of invasiveness has been extensively studied in natural ecosystems; however, far less is known about the evolution of agricultural invasiveness, despite the major economic impact of weeds on crop productivity. Examining the population structure of recently arisen weeds can provide insights into evolutionary avenues to invasion of agroecosystems....

Several auxin herbicides, such as 2, 4-D and dicamba, have been used to eradicate an exotic invasive weed Ipomoea cairica in subtropical China, but restraining the re-explosion of this weed is still a challenge. Since ethylene is one of the major intermediate functioning products during the eradication process, we explored the possibility, mechanism and efficiency of using ethephon which can re...

Contarinia nasturtii (Kieffer) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), a common insect pest in Europe and a new invasive pest in North America, causes severe damage to cruciferous crops. In the United States, C. nasturtii was first reported in western New York in 2004. From 2005 to 2007, field surveys were conducted in western New York to investigate the occurrence of C. nasturtii in weeds that might serve a...

<span lang="EN-US">Due to the growing number of cardiac patients, an automatic detection that detects various heart abnormalities has been developed relieve and share physicians’ workload. Many depolarization ventricles complex waves (QRS) algorithms with multiple properties have recently presented; nevertheless, real-time implementations in low-cost systems remain a challenge due limited...