Detection and attribution of a human influence on climate, or some aspect of climate such as hurricane frequency, involves detection of an unusual change (outside the range of internal climate variability) in the data, and then attribution of the change to a specific anthropogenic influence, such as increasing greenhouse gas concentrations or anthropogenic aerosols. Attribution as used here mea...

The credibility of regional climate change predictions for the 21st century depends on the ability of climate models to simulate global and regional circulations in a realistic manner. To investigate this issue, a large set of global coupled climate model experiments prepared for the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has been studied. First we compared 20...

[1] Groundwater is an important component of the hydrologic cycle, and its anomaly will result in variations of soil moisture, water, and energy balances between the land surface and atmosphere, which ultimately influence climate. In this study, we implement a groundwater model into the regional climate model RegCM3, which is called RegCM3_GW, and investigate the effects of water table dynamics...

Aim There is mounting concern that climate change will lead to the collapse of cyclic population dynamics, yet the influence of climate variability on population cycling remains poorly understood. We hypothesized that variability in survival and fecundity, driven by climate variability at different points in the life cycle, scales up from local populations to drive regional characteristics of p...

by the explosive growth of b2b e-commerce transactions in international supply chains and the rapid increase of business documents in iran’s cross-border trading, effective management of trade processes over borders is vital in b2b e-commerce systems. structure of the localized model in this paper is based on three major layers of a b2b e-commerce infrastructure, which are messaging layer, busi...

Circumpolar boreal forests contain one half of the terrestrial carbon stores, and have been shown to be susceptible to climate change. As climate regimes shift, the total biomass and species composition may change in ways that may promote further warming on the regional level through atmosphere-vegetation feedbacks. The purpose of this project is to develop a spatially explicit model for simula...

This paper discusses the need for a more integrated approach to modelling changes in climate and crops, and some of the challenges posed by this. While changes in atmospheric composition are expected to exert an increasing radiative forcing of climate change leading to further warming of global mean temperatures and shifts in precipitation patterns, these are not the only climatic processes whi...

Sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs) can have major impact on surface wintertime weather, especially at mid-high latitudes. We do not yet a complete understanding of why some these events influence our weather more than others, but one factor may be the dynamical nature SSW; whether it involves split or displacement polar vortex, and way to explore this is through comprehensive climate models. ...

Glacial-interglacial cycles affect the processes through which water and rocks are redistributed across the Earth’s surface, thereby linking the solid Earth and climate dynamics. Regional and global scale studies suggest that continental lithospheric unloading due to ice melting during the transition to interglacials leads to increased continental magmatic, volcanic, and degassing activity. Suc...

[1] Evidence of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) teleconnections in the southern high latitude climate has been identified, although the mechanisms that might lead to such far-reaching teleconnections remain unresolved. Here we propose one such mechanism-the regional mean meridional atmospheric circulation (the regional Ferrel Cell)-responsible for the covariability of the ENSO and Antarctic...