Retrocaval ureter is one of the very rare congenital anomalies. We report a case of retrocaval ureter in a 6-year-old girl who presented with right flank pain and hydronephrosis. The diagnosis was made on intravenous urography which showed typical "J" shape deformity in the proximal dilated ureter with moderate hydronephrosis. CT scan delineated the course of ureter. The patient was operated an...

Congenital abnormalities of the anus are easily detected. Nevertheless the diagnosis is sometimes missed, with serious consequences for the child. Between 1970 and the end of 1977, 11 children with minor congenital anal abnormalities, in whom the diagnosis was initially missed, were seen on one surgical firm at this hospital (Table 1). After diagnosis and initial treatment intravenous urography...

There are numerous studies available to the urologist in the diagnosis and management of obstruction. These include radiographic studies, such as the plain film (kidney, ureter and bladder – KUB), intravenous pyelography (IVP) and retrograde urography, ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), Lasix renogram, magnetic resonance (MR) urogram and the Whitaker test. Selection of a specific test over a...

Hydronephrosis is a common finding in urinary tract outflow obstruction. Chronically obstructed hydronephrotic system may be associated with parenchymal changes. Ultrasound, intravenous urography, micturating cysto-urethrogram and scintigraphy are commonly performed to evaluate the cause of obstruction. In childhood, pelviureteric junction obstruction is a common cause of the hydronephrosis. Hy...

Congenital ureteric obstruction caused by a ureteric valve is an extremely rare entity. Our patient, a 6-year-old male, had undergone evaluation for recurrent pain in the left lower part of abdomen and was diagnosed as a case of left hydrouretronehrosis on ultrasound abdomen. Intravenous urography revealed left hydronephrosis and hydroureter with a cut-off in mid –ureteric region. Micturating c...

A 41 years lady presented with 13 years history of urinary incontinence alongwith menouria, which had developed after the first vaginal delivery. However, she had four normal vaginal deliveries later. Intravenous urography showed normal flow on both sides but there was spillage of contrast from the urinary bladder into the uterus, in the cystographic phase. Cystoscopy showed a fistulous opening...

Renal function was studied in 61 girls suffering from recurrent urinary tract infections, with at least one febrile infection. Clearance of inulin was determined. Intravenous urography and micturating cystourethrography were performed 1-6 months after the first infection and 0-6 months before or after the function test. A low glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was found only among children with t...

During screening of 16,800 primary schoolgirls, aged 4-12 years, in Cardiff and Oxford, significant bacteriuria was found in 294 (1-7%). Intravenous urography and micturating cystography were performed in 246 of these girls. The urinary tract was abnormal in 47%. Pyelonephritis with or without vesicoureteric reflux was present in 26% and reflux without renal abnormality in a further 16%. The pr...

Magnetic resonance (MR) urography has an expanding role as a problem solving tool in treated cancer. Hydronephrosis is common with abdominopelvic neoplasms and whilst the majority are satisfactorily investigated by urography, ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), invasive imaging or endourological techniques, some hydronephroses remain unexplained. These may occur in patients with renal im...