We hypothesized that the co-entrapment of melanoma-associated antigens and the Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands Poly(I:C) and CpG, known to be Th1-immunopotentiators, in mannose-functionalized aliphatic polyester-based nanoparticles (NPs) could be targeted to mannose receptors on antigen-presenting cells and induce anti-tumor immune responses. High entrapment efficiencies of antigens and immuno...

Infection of the mouse peritoneal cavity by bacillus Calmette-Gu6rin (BCG) 1 markedly alters the surface properties of macrophages (mob), compard with cells obtained from uninfected control animals or after injection of thioglycollate broth. BCG-activated peritoneal mob (BCG-PM) express enhanced Ia antigens (Ag), but reduced receptors for mannose-terminated glycoconjugates (MFR), Fc receptors, ...

Opsonin-independent macrophage phagocytosis was investigated as a possible mechanism of controlling early blood-stage Plasmodium chabaudi AS infection. Early during infection, peritoneal macrophages from resistant C57BL/6 (B6) mice exhibited increased phagocytosis of parasitized red blood cells (pRBCs) and free merozoites, which was absent in mice with deficient interferon (IFN)-gamma productio...

Effector and memory T cells can be subdivided based on their ability to traffic through peripheral tissues such as inflamed skin and intestinal lamina propria, a property controlled by expression of 'tissue-specific' adhesion and chemoattractant receptors. However, little is known about the development of these selectively homing T cell subsets, and it is unclear whether activation in cutaneous...

The pathogenic clinical strain NCTC11168 was the first Campylobacter jejuni strain to be sequenced and has been a widely used laboratory model for studying C. jejuni pathogenesis. However, continuous passaging of C. jejuni NCTC11168 has been shown to dramatically affect its colonisation potential. Glycan array analysis was performed on C. jejuni NCTC11168 using the frequently passaged, non-colo...

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein gp120 is a vaccine immunogen that can signal via several cell surface receptors. To investigate whether receptor biology could influence immune responses to gp120, we studied its interaction with human, monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDCs) in vitro. Gp120 from the HIV-1 strain JR-FL induced IL-10 expression in MDDCs from ...

Enzyme-replacement therapy is an established means of treating lysosomal storage diseases. Infused therapeutic enzymes are targeted to lysosomes of affected cells by interactions with cell-surface receptors that recognize carbohydrate moieties, such as mannose and mannose 6-phosphate, on the enzymes. We have tested an alternative, peptide-based targeting system for delivery of enzymes to lysoso...

The fate of the circulating C-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PICP) was studied. Trace amounts of 125I-PICP administered intravenously to rats disappeared from the blood with an initial t1/2 of 6.1 min. After 45 min the radioactivity was distributed as follows: liver, 36%; blood, 23%; kidneys, 18%; urine, 20%; spleen, 1%; lungs, 2%; heart, 0.4%. To prevent escape of label from the si...