Learners sometimes have incoherent and fragmented intuitive prior knowledge that is (partly) "incompatible" with the to-be-learned contents. Such knowledge in pieces can cause conceptual disorientation and cognitive overload while learning. We hypothesized that a pre-training intervention providing a generalized schema as a structuring framework for such knowledge in pieces would support (re)or...

Marketing in the new millennium continues to present challenges and opportunities for organizations. The new consumer who is emerging today is becoming savvier about demanding greater quality in products and services, and placing greater emphasis upon receiving value for his or her money. As customers continue to demonstrate higher levels of price awareness and price sensitivity, and exhibit li...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to investigate the pursuit of achievement goals in medical students and to assess the relationship between achievement goals, learning strategy, and motivation. METHODS Two hundred seventy freshman and sophomore premedical students and sophomore medical school students participated in this study, which used the Achievement Goals Scale and the Self-Regulate...

The objective of this project is to identify major obstacles retail marketers faced since the COVID-19 pandemic, and which methods can be identified as “future marketing” for post-pandemic environment. An in-depth analysis brands, insightful surveys, consumer trends has been conducted. From method, four challenges have identified. First, a change in overall safety guidelines that force companie...

International marketing channels become more important every day. Channel member satisfaction is a key characteristic of healthy channel relationships. However, limited knowledge exists regarding satisfaction in international marketing channels. The present research involves a European context and investigates channel member satisfaction in international relationships and its consequences from ...

The classical 4P theory was born in the demand market, a company to develop marketing strategies aimed to meet customer the differential interest demand. However, with the US-led financial crisis, making the interests focus on customer needs 4P strategic theory of challenges, in the value market, develop strategies to create value investors become the fundamental purpose. This paper is using ma...