In their paper, Nikogosian and Kickbusch show how the effects of the adoption by the World Health Organization (WHO) of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) and its first Protocol extend beyond tobacco control and contribute to public health governance more broadly, by revealing new processes, institutions and instruments. While there are certainly good reasons to be optimisti...

In this paper, we focus on those policy instruments with monetary incentives that are used to contain public health expenditure in high-income countries. First, a schematic view of the main cost-containment methods and the variables in the health system they intend to influence is presented. Two types of instruments to control the level and growth of public health expenditure are considered: (i...

BACKGROUND Choosing an adequate measurement instrument depends on the proposed use of the instrument, the concept to be measured, the measurement properties (e.g. internal consistency, reproducibility, content and construct validity, responsiveness, and interpretability), the requirements, the burden for subjects, and costs of the available instruments. As far as measurement properties are conc...

background the migration of dentists is a major policy challenge facing both developing and developed countries. dentists from over 120 countries migrate to australia, and a large proportion are from developing countries. the aim of the study was to assess the life story experience (lse) of migrant dentists in australia, in order to address key policy challenges facing dentist migration.   meth...

background: injuries and psychiatric disorders, notably both major public health concerns, are associated with a high burden and are believed to be bi-directionally correlated. those inflicted with injuries face increased risks of mental illnesses. psychiatric disorders may make the individual prone to injuries. the objective of the study was to assess the correlation of mental disorders with n...

concerns regarding the trans-pacific partnership (tpp) have raised awareness about the negative public health impacts of trade and investment agreements. in the past decade, we have learned much about the implications of trade agreements for public health: reduced equity in access to health services; increased flows of unhealthy commodities; limits on access to medicines; and constrained policy...

A Coriolis mass flow meter (Fig. 1) consists of an (essentially mechanical) vibrating flowtube through which the process fluid passes, and an (essentially electronic) transmitter. The transmitter maintains flowtube vibration by sending a drive signal to one or more drivers (d1, d2), and performs measurement calculations based on signals from two sensors (s1, s2). The phase difference between th...

arguing that human rights treaties by their nature are different from other international agreements, this article deals mainly with such questions as succession of states in respect of human rights treaties and reservations to such instruments.  in contrast to other treaties, which are generally “inter-states exchange of interests”, human rights documents are protective instruments according t...

BACKGROUND Patient-Reported Outcomes (PROs) are considered important outcomes because they reflect the patient's experience in clinical trials. PROs have been included in the field of haemophilia only recently. PURPOSE Comparing the contents of PROs measures used in haemophilia, based on the ICF/ICF-CY as frame of reference. METHODS Haemophilia-specific PROs for adults and children were sel...

Editorial 1. Call for collaboration: VBORNET data base and maps of vector distribution and surveillance in Europe 2. Current status of invasive mosquitoes in Europe 3. Public health importance of the invasive mosquitoes of Europe 4. Mosquito surveillance methods implemented in Europe 5. Mosquito control methods in Europe 6. Invasive mosquitoes in the European associate continental and overseas ...