Insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) may play a role in the modulation of coronary artery tone, yet there are few data regarding their vasoactive effects on the coronary vascular bed. We evaluated the vasorelaxation effects of insulin and IGF-I on porcine coronary epicardial vessels in vitro and elucidated possible mechanisms. Porcine epicardial arteries were contracted with 10(-7) ...

1. Gaffney TE, Sigell LT, Mohammed S, Atkinson AJ: The clinical pharmacology of antihypertensive drugs. Prog Cardiovas Dis 12: 52, 1969 2. Oates JA, Mitchell JR, Feagin OT, Kaufmann JS, Shand DG: Distribution of guanidinium antihypertensives mechanism of their selective action. Ann NY Acad Sci 197: 302, 1971 3. Nickerson M, Ruedy J: Antihypertensive agents and the drug therapy of hypertension. ...

A serine/threonine kinase Akt is a key mediator in various signaling pathways including regulation of renal tubular transport. In proximal tubules, Akt mediates insulin signaling via insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2) and stimulates sodium-bicarbonate cotransporter (NBCe1), resulting in increased sodium reabsorption. In insulin resistance, the IRS2 in kidney cortex is exceptionally preserved a...

Gastric secretion was stimulated by insulin hypoglycaemia and the effect of increasing doses of anticholinergic drugs on the volume, acid, and electrolyte content of gastric juice was studied. The sodium and potassium output was depressed to a far less extent than the acid output and the drop in volume of secretion and acid output after anticholinergic drugs is almost entirely due to decreased ...

OBJECTIVE To describe anesthesia for renal transplantation that progressed to a sharp potassium increase after kidney reperfusion with Euro-Collins' solution in the operative field. We will also report on diagnosis and treatment used. CONCLUSION The use of infusion solutions in the surgical field requires careful monitoring, such as electrocardiography, measurement of serum potassium, and ava...

Total body potassium content and proper distribution of potassium across the cell membrane is of critical importance for normal cellular function. Potassium homeostasis is maintained by several different methods. In the kidney, total body potassium content is achieved by alterations in renal excretion of potassium in response to variations in intake. Insulin and beta-adrenergic tone play critic...

The role of amino acids in the regulation of insulin secretion in pancreatic beta-cells is highlighted in three forms of congenital hyperinsulinism (HI), namely gain-of-function mutations of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), loss-of-function mutations of ATP-dependent potassium channels, and a deficiency of short-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase. Studies on disease mouse models of HI suggest ...

Membrane currents of ventricular cardiomyocytes isolated from control, diabetic and insulin-treated diabetic Wistar rats have been measured using the whole cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique. Insulin restored the density of the 4-aminopyridine-sensitive early transient component of the calcium-independent outward potassium currents which decreased in diabetes. The inactivation rate...