A critical issue for intelligent tutoring systems is whether knowledgeable diagnosis and feedback offers instructional benefits compared with less knowledge-intensive instructional methods. The effectiveness of different instructional methods is examined in a device operation task: setting a VCR to record a program. Four tutoring simulations use different instructional approaches emphasizing sp...

The purpose of this chapter is to provide some ideas that will help you analyze and understand the instructional-design theories presented in this book. First, we will explore what an instructional-design theory is. This will include a discussion of the role that values play in instructional-design theories and a discussion of what an instructional-design theory is not. In the second half of th...

The objectives of this article is developing an online learning management model for vocational student in Thailand based on the New Normal lifestyle under COVID-19 situation. sample consisted 400 teachers and students. results obtained from research found that according to 17 instructional design experts who assessed appropriateness framework lifestyles situation students (OLA Framework), over...

An instructional operating system is one intended for use in teaching courses in operating systems. Student programming assignments develop or enhance the instructional operating system. This paper presents an overview of the issues related to using operating systems, especially instructional ones, in coursework. We also present results of a survey we conducted to determine which instructional ...

This study, through the ontological engineering approach, aims at building a conceptual basis that encourages instructional designers in better understanding of learning/instructional theories, which mean that instructional designers can select and integrate appropriate strategies from theories within an instructional context. This paper proposes a methodology of structuring the theories in ter...

The main objectives of the study are to: ■ assess the number of illicit small arms in Kenya; ■ identify the sources and prevalence of small arms and their movement in and out of Kenya; ■ assess the capacity of various actors involved in small arms control and peace-building efforts in the country; ■ assess the role and use of information on illicit small arms and linkages to early warning and r...

The main aim of the present paper is to outline a theoretical framework of instruction based on the elements of two major approaches of cognitivism and constructivism. To begin with, the paper introduces the notion of instructional design and discusses the importance of psychology of learning and instruction in designing instructional models. Further, the paper identifies the prototypical schem...

In popular usage, instructional technology refers to the use of communications media–hardware and software-to help people learn. At different times different media have been central to educators' conception of instructional technology. The term first came into widespread use in the early 1960s; James D. Finn, a professor at the University of Southern California, was probably the most vigorous p...

Faculty members in higher education are involved in many instructional design activities without formal training in learning theories and the science of instruction. Learning theories provide the foundation for the selection of instructional strategies and allow for reliable prediction of their effectiveness. To achieve effective learning outcomes, the science of instruction and instructional d...

Learning from worked-out examples is very effective for initial skill acquisition, at least when learners actively explain the solution steps in the examples to themselves. However, learning solely on the basis of self-explanations is connected with several restrictions, even when effective self-explaining is trained or elicited. Therefore, a coherent set of principles for integrating instructi...