This paper reports the results of extensive numerical studies related to spectral properties of the Laplacian and the scattering matrix for planar domains (called billiards). There is a close connection between eigenvalues of the billiardLaplacian and the scattering phases, basically that every energy at which a scattering phase is 2 corresponds to an eigenenergy of the Laplacian. Interesting p...

Eliciting an auditory perception by means of mechanical transduction bypassing the peripheral hearing apparatus has been recorded as early as the 16 century. Excluding its audiometric use to assess ear pathology, bone and soft tissue conduction has received very little interest until the last two decades. Previous work during this time (Stanley and Walker 2006, MacDonald and Letowski 2006) has ...

This paper tests the effect of managerial (inside) and block-holders (outside) ownership in relation to agency theory in Malaysian business environment. This study tests the agency relationship in different culture and social contact and provides evidence whether agency theory in non-western organizations have equal impact in Asian organizations. Consistent with agency theory and the convergenc...

-In urban and suburban areas of the United States (away from major airports), the outdoor noise environment usually depends strongly on local vehicular traffic. By relating traffic flow to population density, a model of outdoor noise exposure has been developed for estimating the cumulative 24-hour noise exposure based upon the population density of the area. This noise model has been used to p...

Many times in mathematics there is a natural dichotomy between describing some object from the inside and from the outside. Imagine algebraic varieties for instance; they can be described from the outside as solution sets of polynomial equations, but one can also try to understand how it is for actual points to move around inside them, perhaps to parameterize them in some way. The concept of fo...

Germinal centers (GCs) are generally considered to be the sole site of memory B-cell generation. However, recent studies demonstrate that memory B cells can also develop in response to a T-cell dependent (TD) antigen before the onset, and independently of, the GC reaction. These two classes of memory cells persist equally over long periods of time and attain functional maturation through distin...

Amongst the earliest eukaryotes, trypanosomes have developed conventional organelles but sometimes with extreme features rarely seen in other organisms. This is the case of the flagellum, containing conventional and unique structures whose role in infectivity is still enigmatic.

Systems of argumentation or ’computational dialectic’ are emerging as a powerful means of structuring inter-agent communication in multi-agent systems. Individual systems of computational dialectic have been suggested and implemented to tackle specific problems but no comprehensive and comparative assessment has been made of such systems. This paper introduces ScenarioGC0, a framework for the i...