Adverse rearing conditions are considered a major factor in the development of abnormal behavior. We investigated the overall levels, the prevalence and the diversity of abnormal behavior of 18 adult former laboratory chimpanzees, who spent about 20 years single caged, over a two-year period following re-socialization. According to the onset of deprivation, the individuals were classified as ea...

OBJECTIVES To determine whether a performance battery and its components aid in predicting injurious falls. DESIGN Longitudinal analysis; prospective cohort study. SETTING Clinical site. PARTICIPANTS Boston-area community-dwelling adults (N = 755; mean age ± SD 78.1 ± 5.4, 64.1% female, 77.6% white). MEASUREMENTS Baseline functional performance was determined according to the Short Phys...

This study uses data from a nationally representative household survey (the 2013 National Health Survey, n = 62,986) to describe patterns of alcohol consumption and related behaviors among Brazilian adults. Analyses include descriptive and multivariable Poisson regression for self-reports in the past 30 days of: drinking any alcohol, binge drinking, binge drinking 4 or more times, and driving a...

Self-injurious skin picking is characterized by repetitive, ritualistic, or impulsive skin manipulation that results in tissue damage. It occurs in the absence of an underlying dermatologic condition and causes significant distress or impairment in daily functioning. The present article reviews the clinical characteristics of self-injurious skin picking, methods for assessing this problem, and ...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether number of self-reported impulsivity symptoms was associated with conduct problems, substance use, academic problems, relational problems and exposure to physical violence in adolescents. METHOD A survey was developed to be used in a nationally representative general community sample. A 2-staged, stratified and clustered sampling was used. For the first stage (sc...

Many studies have investigated the consequences of child sexual abuse (CSA) but few have examined the intergenerational effects of poly- victimization and maladaptive coping. The purpose of this investigation was to examine patterns of maltreatment and maladaptive coping among second-generation CSA survivors. It is hypothesized that: (a) maternal CSA history would be associated with a higher in...

background suicidal attempt and non-suicidal self-injury are very common in adolescents with a history of childhood maltreatment. by identifying correlates of these kinds of high-risk behaviors, it is possible to prevent and decrease completed suicide. objectives the aims of this study were: 1) to compare adolescents with a history of childhood maltreatment with non-suicidal self injury (nssi) ...