Understanding multicomponent binding interactions in protein–ligand, protein–protein, and competition systems is essential for fundamental biology drug discovery. Hand-deriving equations quickly become unfeasible when the number of components increased, direct analytical solutions only exist to a certain complexity. To address this problem allow easy access simulation, plotting, parameter fitti...

One of the important parts of innate immunity is complement system that occurs in three different ways; the classic, the alternative and the lectin pathway. The four pattern recognition molecules that have been identified till now are Mannose binding lectin (MBL), a component of lectin pathway, and three ficolins (ficolin1,-2 and -3) which compound to the carbohydrates of the cell surface. MBL ...

We studied the inhibition of tissue kallikrein by protein C inhibitor (PCI), a relatively unspecific heparin-dependent serine protease inhibitor present in plasma and urine. PCI inhibited the amidolytic activity (cleavage of H-D-valyl-L-leucyl-arginine-p-nitroaniline) of urinary kallikrein with an apparent second order rate constant of 2.3 x 10(4) M-1 s-1 and formed stable complexes (85 kDa) wi...

The interaction of a protein inhibitor with the catalytic subunit derived from adenosine 3’,5’-monophosphatedependent protein kinase is described. A kinetic analysis of casein phosphorylation in the presence of inhibitor reveals a noncompetitive interaction between the inhibitor and the catalytic subunit substrates, ATP and casein. The inhibitor does not function by destroying ATP nor by acting...

Objective(s): Thymoquinone (TQ) has valuable medical properties like anticancer effects. Development of multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype is one of the most important factors in failure of cancer chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mode of interaction of TQ and MDR1, a major MDR-related protein in gastric cancer drug resistant EPG85-257RDB cells,...

recent research highlights the importance of gsts in the establishment of chronic helminth infections. gsts have the potential to protect the parasite against the host immune response. in this present study, gst enzyme assay has been investigated on whole extract of f. hepatica and sheep liver tissue. to the 1-ml plastic cuvette, added 200 mm potassium phosphate buffer. then added 50 mm gsh red...

Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are crucial regulators of cell cycle progression and transcription. Their dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer. This Patent Highlight focuses on recent advances the development CDK inhibitor–E3 ligase binding moiety conjugates for targeted degradation their potential applications treating diseases modulated by CDKs. The exemplar...

Low-grade gliomas are the most common brain tumour to occur in childhood. The identification of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway as near-uniform driver these tumours has led testing therapies targeted at this pathway, with promising early results. pan-RAF inhibitor tovorafenib is one recent agents be tested for paediatric low-grade gliomas, data raising prospect that we may dawn a new e...

Characterization of protein–protein interactions (PPIs) is essential for understanding cellular signal transduction pathways. However, quantitative measurement the binding strength remains challenging. Building upon classical bacterial adenylate cyclase two-hybrid (BACTH) system, we previously demonstrated that relative reporter protein expression (RRPE), defined as level normalized to interact...