BACKGROUND Induction of anesthesia is the most crucial period of general anesthesia. Inhalational induction is the most commonly used technique in pediatric anesthesia. Tracheal intubation can be done after reaching the deep levels of anesthesia. The depth of anesthesia is often difficult to be judged. Bispectral index is a measure of the effects of anesthesia on brain. This study was designed ...

Introduction: Intraoral synechia is a rare congenital condition, generally associated with other maxillo-facial malformations. We present a neonate with congenital intraoral bilateral synechia without any other facial anomalies.   Case Report: In this paper, we present a 19-day-old male neonate with congenital intraoral bilateral synechia without any other facial anomalies. We review the litera...

BACKGROUND Cerebral autoregulation is a steady-state of cerebral blood flow despite major changes in arterial pressure. Inhalation anesthetics are vasodilators. In <1 MAC values, the net effect moderate decrease and maintenance responsiveness to carbon dioxide. This study aims investigate effects sevoflurane anesthesia on hemodynamic artery diameter measurements patients undergoing diverter dev...

Many diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in camelid practice can be accomplished with physical and/or chemical restraint techniques. Anesthesia should be considered for procedures that require an extended period of immobility or high level of analgesia. Certain aspects of anesthesia place the patient at greater risk than chemical restraint techniques. Knowledge and vigilance reduce the additi...

BACKGROUND Active upper respiratory tract infection (URI), orotracheal intubation and use of inhalation anesthetics are known risk factors for perioperative respiratory adverse events (RAE). This study investigated the risk factors of perioperative RAE in children with these risk factors. METHODS The records of 159 children who underwent general anesthesia with an orotracheal tube and inhalat...

The prone position may cause cardiovascular system depression. Yet, the mechanisms involved and preemptive measures are not well understood (Edgcombe et al. (2008)). During spinal surgery in the prone position, hypotension may occur. Implicated factors include prolonged abdominal compression impeding venous return resulting in increased blood loss, decreased cardiovascular reserve, and the use ...