To minimize the problem with scattering in deep tissues while increasing the penetration depth, we explored the feasibility of imaging in the relatively unexplored extended near infrared (exNIR) spectral region at 900 to 1400 nm with endogenous chromophores. This region, also known as the second NIR window, is weakly dominated by absorption from water and lipids and is free from other endogenou...

Moisture content in commercially available milk powder was investigated using near infrared (NIR) diffuse reflectance spectroscopy with an Indian low-cost dispersive NIR spectrophotometer. Different packets of milk powder of the same batch were procured from the market. Forty-five samples with moisture range 4-10% were prepared in the laboratory. Spectra of the samples were collected in the wav...

A spectrophotometer system for spectral characterization of materials in the infrared has been built around a bench-top Fourier transform instrument. Its capabilities include the measurement of directional-hemispherical re ̄ectance from 1 to 18 mm. The spectral re ̄ectance measurement is performed with an integrating sphere with an incidence angle of 88. Both relative and absolute measurements ca...

ZnO is one of the most promising materials since it has a high mechanical and thermal stability, and wide band gap (3.37 eV). Meanwhile, doping with selective elements offers an effective method to enhance and control the electrical and optical properties of ZnO nanostructures, which is crucial for its practical applications. Mg-doped ZnO have considerable interests owing to their unique optica...

In x Al1-x N films were deposited on Si(100) substrate using metal-organic molecular beam epitaxy. We investigated the effect of the trimethylindium/trimethylaluminum (TMIn/TMAl) flow ratios on the structural, morphological, and optical properties of In x Al1-x N films. Surface morphologies and microstructure of the In x Al1-x N films were measured by atomic force microscopy, scanning electron ...

Various extensions of the Standard Model predict the existence of hidden photons kinetically mixing with the ordinary photon. This mixing leads to oscillations between photons and hidden photons, analogous to the observed oscillations between different neutrino flavors. In this context, we derive new bounds on the photon-hidden photon mixing parameters using the high precision cosmic microwave ...

Improvement of eco-friendly procedures for the nanoparticles synthesis is the growing in to the field of nanotechnology. In this report we used the extract of marine brown seaweed Turbinaria conoides for the silver nanoparticles synthesis is the new one, cost effective and environmentally favorable. The surface plasmon resonance band positioned at 420 nm for silver nanoparticles was characteriz...

In this study, to obtain biomedical polyurethane elastomers with good mechanical properties and biocompatibility, a series of polycarbonate urethanes were synthesized via a two-step solution of polymerization method using the poly(1,6-hexanediol)carbonate diols (PCDL) as the soft segment, 4,4'-methylenebis(cyclohexyl isocyanate) (H12MDI), 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and 1,4-butanediol ...

A β-cyclodextrin (β-Cyd) inclusion complex containing azomethine as a guest was prepared by kneading method with aliquot addition of ethanol. The product was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometer, 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) and Thermogravimetric Analyzer (TGA), which proves the formation of the inclusion complex where the benzyl part of azomethine has been ...

In the last years, environmental concerns such as the destruction of the ozone layer and global warming led to the demand of tighter air conditioning (AC) systems. The compressor has been identified as the most emissive component of the AC system. Due to its complex structure and sealing mechanism, the shaft seal is the leak-prone part. This paper presents an experimental study of several lip s...