BACKGROUND Informal care is often not included in economic evaluations in healthcare, while the impact of caregiving can be relevant for cost-effectiveness recommendations from a societal perspective. The impact of informal care can be measured and valued with the CarerQol instrument, which measures the impact of informal care on seven important burden dimensions (CarerQol-7D) and values this i...

CONTEXT Recent legislation in 5 states and the District of Columbia mandated state disclosure of payments made to physicians by pharmaceutical companies. In 2 of these states, Vermont and Minnesota, payment disclosures are publicly available. OBJECTIVES To determine the accessibility and quality of the data available in Vermont and Minnesota and to describe the prevalence and magnitude of dis...

extended abstract 1. introduction urbanization is a process which leads to the growth of cities and urban changes due to industrialization and economic development. in other words, urbanization is an inevitable and demographic force and movement which should not be neglected. informal settlements, which took place in europe after the industrial revolution at the time of the transition from the ...

We still know very little of how populist governments behave as compared to mainstream in Council decision-making. Studying the ‘crucial case’ negotiations around refugee distribution EU, an issue which allows populists mobilize both anti-EU and anti-immigrant sentiment, we demonstrate that differ from ones three important ways: First, they reject formal informal rules decision-making if these ...

This paper examines consumer adoption of a new electronic payment service, mobile payments. The empirical data for the explorative study was collected by establishing six focus group sessions. The results suggest that the relative advantages of mobile payments include time and place independence, availability, possibilities for remote purchases, and queue avoidance. The interviewees found mobil...

background: health inequalitymonitoring especially in health care financing field is very important. hence, this study tends to assess the inequality in household's capacity to pay and out-of-pocket health carepaymentsin tehran metropolis. methods: this cross-sectional study was performed in 2013.thestudy population was selected by stratified cluster sampling, and they constitute the typical ho...

1 Compound Interest 3 1.1 Time Value of Money Single Payments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.2 Time value of money Streams of Payments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.3 Fair Payment Streams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.4 Particular Payment Streams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.5 F...

Objective To estimate financial payments from industry to US journal editors.Design Retrospective observational study.Setting 52 influential (high impact factor for their specialty) US medical journals from 26 specialties and US Open Payments database, 2014.Participants 713 editors at the associate level and above identified from each journal's online masthead.Main outcome measures All general ...

A Conference Summary By Richard J. Sullivan and Zhu Wang From the early days of automated card sorting to the more recent times of the Internet and check imaging, payments and payments processing have continually embraced new technology. At the same time, the industry has been shaped by its share of entry and exit, through startups, mergers, and the reorganization of businesses seeking the prop...