[1] There is proxy evidence that the pronounced east-west temperature difference observed today across the equatorial Pacific Ocean may not have existed in the early Pliocene (4–5 Ma BP) and that the east Pacific cold tongue developed gradually toward the end of the Pliocene (2 Ma BP). The east Pacific temperature influences weather and climate worldwide, and the Pliocene climate may be an inst...

Air pollutants that damage human health and agricultural productivity, such as tropospheric ozone and black soot, also affect global climate. Multiple benefits of reducing these pollutants become more compelling as concern about global warming increases. Air pollution is especially harmful in developing countries that are now large emitters of carbon dioxide, providing incentive for developed a...

Why More West than East German Firms Export Using unique new data and a recently introduced non-linear decomposition technique this paper shows that the huge difference in the propensity to export between West and East German plants is to a large part due to differences in firm size and human capital intensity. JEL Classification: F14

Tanzilah Noor Shabnam, Md. Imdadul Islam, M. R. Amin 1, First Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering,East West University, 43 Mohakhali, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh, [email protected] Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Banglades, [email protected] *3,Corresponding Department of Electronics and Communications Engineerin...

A long-standing debate has taken place in the organizational sociology and social network literatures about the relative advantages of network closure versus structural holes in the generation of social capital. There is recent evidence that these advantages differ across cultures and between East Asia and the West in particular, but existing network models are unable to explain why or address ...

Labor markets are the most important mediator of German uniication and wages are a central indicator of its progress. Starting from the observation that a wage diierential between two workers can arise either because workers have diierent endowments of human capital characteristics or remuneration to these characteristics diier, we apply an Oaxaca-style decomposition to the post-uniication wave...

The purpose of this research was to assess the effect of major social changes in Germany since 1989 on mortality due to intentional injury. Mechanisms and types of fatal intentional injury in East and West Germany between 1970 and 1995 were determined from death certificates and compared with judicial data on violent crime convictions and recent public survey data on citizen fear of crime. The ...