The systemic inflammatory reaction (acute phase response) is induced by many noxious stimuli but in all cases the inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1-beta (IL-1beta) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), are involved. Liver cell response to inflammation manifested by a characteristic change in the profile of synthesized plasma proteins (acute phase proteins) has been extensively studied. Here we ...

BACKGROUND Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is a commonly used medicinal herb in several Asian countries like Korea, China and Japan for thousands of years. It has been reported to have various medicinal properties such as anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects. However, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of S. baicalensis G at proteome level has not yet been reported. Hence, we p...

Atherosclerosis is characterized by a chronic inflammatory condition, in which numerous cellular and molecular inflammatory components are involved. A wide array of inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines and proteins produced by macrophages and other cells, play critical roles in the development and progression of the disease. ABCA1 is crucial for cellular cholesterol efflux and reverse chol...

Periodontal (gum) disease is a highly prevalent infection and inflammation accounting for the majority of tooth loss in adult population worldwide. Porphyromonas gingivalis is a keystone periodontal pathogen and its lipopolysaccharide (PgLPS) acts as a major virulence attribute to the disease. Herein, we deciphered the overall host response of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) to two featured i...

The host inflammatory response against infections is characterized by the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and acute-phase proteins, driving both innate and adaptive arms of the immune response. Distinct patterns of circulating cytokines and acute-phase responses have proven indispensable for guiding the diagnosis and management of infectious diseases. This review discusses the profiles of...

Human placenta hydrolysates (HPH) have a pronounced hepatoprotective effect, the molecular mechanisms of which are not well understood. As result de novo mass spectrometric sequencing and bioinformatics analysis peptides, 27 peptides were found in Laennec HPP preparation, (1) support inositol phosphate-dependent signaling pathways hepatocytes, (2) activate target proteins RARA, AMPK, (3) inhibi...

The acute-phase response is a pathophysiological defense mechanism associated with inflammatory states that, despite the already established name, occurs in both acute and chronic inflammation. It is characterized by the increase or decrease in serum concentration of certain proteins in consequence of a stimulus that causes tissue damage.1-3 Currently, the term inflammatory biomarker is preferr...

Hypertension and associated inflammatory processes that accelerate cardiovascular damage are regulated by the innate immune system. Toll-like receptors (TLR) are major components of the innate immune system that recognize endogenous damage-associated molecular patterns to activate prominent inflammatory signaling including activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). However, the role of TLR in the...

BACKGROUND Fusobacterium nucleatum is a gram-negative anaerobic species residing in the oral cavity and implicated in several inflammatory processes in the human body. Although F. nucleatum abundance is increased in inflammatory bowel disease subjects and is prevalent in colorectal cancer patients, the causal role of the bacterium in gastrointestinal disorders and the mechanistic details of hos...

Acute lung inflammation and injury were induced by intranasal instillation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in normal and type 2 nitric oxide synthase (NOS2)-deficient (NOS2-/-) C57BL/6 mice. LPS-induced increases in extravasated airway neutrophils and in lung lavage fluid of TNF-alpha and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 were markedly lower in NOS2-/- than in wild-type mice, indicating that NOS2-d...