A clinical study of vernal keratoconjunctivitis in black children in Southern Africa was conducted to report on the peculiar, predominantly limbal form of the disease, and to test its response to therapy. Pigmented and thickened limbal conjunctiva gave the disease its typical appearance. In severe cases these lesions were encroaching on to the cornea and threatened sight. Placebo had no effect ...

Conjunctivitis, also known as pink eye, is a conjunctival inflammation. It brought on by bacteria, viruses, toxins, and allergies, including coronaviruses, the most frequent reason being allergic conjunctivitis (AC), which exposure to pollutants like pollen, animal hair, or mold. The primary contributor it linkage of immunoglobulin E caused allergens receptors stimulated mast cells. As conseque...

An unusually large outbreak of conjunctivitis caused by adenovirus type 4 involved 113 proved cases during a 7-month period. Though the disease was less severe than is commonly seen in epidemic keratoconjunctivitis caused by other serotypes, the cornea was affected in 23% of cases and symptoms persisted for at least 5 weeks in 6 patients. A concurrent increase in nonocular adenovirus type 4 inf...

Human adenoviruses (HAdV), species D in particular (HAdV-D), are frequently associated with epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC). Although the infection originates at the ocular surface epithelium, the mechanisms by which HAdV-Ds bypass the membrane-associated mucin (MAM)-rich glycocalyx of the ocular surface epithelium to trigger infection and inflammation remain unknown. Here, we report that a...

PURPOSE Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) is a severe ocular infection caused by a few types (8, 19a [relabeled as 64 recently], 37, 53, and 54) of human adenoviruses (HAdVs). HAdVs are known for their strong host species specificity that limits studying HAdV virulence and pathophysiology in animal models. METHODS A HAdV infection model of primary porcine corneal epithelial cells (PPCE) and...

Objectives Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are acute inflammatory vesiculobullous reactions of the skin and mucosa such as the ocular surface, oral cavity and genitals. Severe ocular complications (SOC) arise in some patients with SJS/TEN diagnosed by dermatologists. To investigate the pathophysiology of ocular surface inflammation in SJS/TEN with SOC in the ...