with respect to the fact that mohammad (pbuh) is the last prophet of allah and islam is the eternal religion and regarding the spitefulness of the enemies of islam, the question that arises is that how the prophet reacted politically to expand islam and to confront his enemies. in this article three types of foreign policy behaviours of the prophet, i.e. invitation, war and defense , and peace,...

given the importance of intellect in inference, especially in new issues, it is befitting to study the jurists’ works, such as examining the jurisprudential mode of life (sīra) of fayḍ kāshānī as an influential jurist in the evolution of jurisprudence in proving the above issue. to this end, his various books have been examined on the basis of content analysis method and every one of his legal ...

Muhammad (pbuh) is the last prophet sent by Allah to mankind. Qur'an divine message through him. In some verses of Qur'an, which contains many universal principles, Prophet's struggle with polytheists and deniers mentioned, as well his distinguished position among prophets. It stated that it "best example” (‘usva al-hasene) for believers, qualities related him are also mentioned. For this reaso...

Forty years ago, Gene M. Amdahl published a landmark paper, and described what has come to be known as “Amdahl’s Law.” This law can be viewed as casting a negative light on the prospects for parallel computation; few applications can achieve linear speedup (in terms of the number of processors), and in most cases, speed improvements are asymptotic. The key insight from Amdahl is that in softwar...

One of the more striking recent miscarriages justice was perpetrated by UK's Post Office when subpostmasters and subpostmistresses were prosecuted for fraud that actually arose from malfunctioning software. Over 700 victimised, losing homes livelihoods. We first use a zemiological lens to examine harms caused these events at both second-order range – referred as ‘ripples’. Yet, analysis, while ...