When planning road networks, inhomogeneous traffic conditions and the effects of multimodal interactions are often neglected. This can lead to a substantial overestimation network capacities. Empirical macroscopic fundamental diagrams (MFDs) or volume delay relationships show considerable scatter, reflecting reduction in performance an inefficient use infrastructure. The implication is that ext...

Widespread introduction and early initiation of antiretroviral therapy significantly improves the prognosis in people living with HIV — an increase number CD4+ T-lymphocytes, incidence HIV-related diseases mortality rate decreases. Despite suppression replication, a fraction ART-treated patients fails to achieve normalization T-cell counts. These have increased risk clinical progression AIDS no...

BACKGROUND Zambia has recently articulated an ambitious national health program designed to meeting health-related MDGs. Public expectations are high and Zambia continues to receive significant resources from global and bilateral donors to support its health agenda. Although the lack of adequate resources presents the most important constraint, the efficiency with which available resources are ...