Loan commitments represent more than 82 percent of all commercial and industrial loans by domestic banks. This paper develops a valuation model for loan commitments incorporating early exercise, multiple fees, partial exercise and credit risk. The model is analytically tractable and easy to implement. Using a sample of commercial paper backup credit lines from the Dealscan database, we show tha...

Synchrotron radiation imaging methodes have been proven to be highly suitable for investigations in materials research and non-destructive evaluation. The intense flux and partial spatial coherence available at modern synchrotron light sources allows one to work with high resolutions and different contrast modes. This articles gives an overview about different direct and indirect imaging method...

water samples have been collected from key parts of haraz river along different points andanalyzed for various water quality parameters during winter and spring season. effects of industrial wastes,municipal sewage, fish farming and agricultural runoff on river water quality have been investigated. thesurvey was conducted on along the haraz river (185 km) from near its headwaters at the polour,...

The present work is aimed at studying the adsorption capacity of powdered Fuller’s earth for the removal of ferri/ferrous impurities found in commercial grade sodium sulphide. The latter is not suitable for the manufacture of pharmaceutical grade chemicals and dye chemicals. The author has carried out experiments taking different dosage of powdered Fuller’s earth as an adsorbent in the aqueous ...